Mandela’s Garden

1. Mandela’s Garden

2. Mandela’s Garden • Background Information • Warming-up questions • Text appreciation • Structure analysis • In-class discussion • Language understanding • Topics for discussion • Supplementary Reading

3. Warming-up questions • How much do you know about Nelson Mandela? • What do you think is his greatest contribution to his country and whole human being? • What personality do you find about Mandela from the text? • Do you find any charisma of him as a leader and husband?

4. Structure 8 The gardening gives him satisfaction, offers a taste of freedom, and makes him strong physically and mentally. It has become a metaphor and gives him inspiration on how to be a good revolutionary leader and how to nourish important human relationship.. 8 Part 1: Description of his gardening experience (para. 1- ) Part 2: Significance of his gardening experience (para. - the end)

5. In-class discussion • “one can feel fulfilled by washing one’s clothes ….” what is meant by “feel fulfilled…” in this sentence, and why does he say so? (para. 2) • What does the important tasks outside of prison refer to? How can he feel the sane pride in doing small things inside prison? (para.2) • Why do people say that Mandela “was a miner at heart”? (para.4)

6. In-class discussion • “in some way, I saw the garden as a metaphor for certain aspects of my life.” what is being compared? (para.9) • Why does he have a mixture of feelings when he writes to Winnie?

7. Language understanding • The end of manual work is liberating. I felt liberated from the manual work. I found Dickens’s novel very interesting. I was ____. The news was very disappointing. I felt terribly ______. The result is a bit surprising. Everybody was ______. The whole experience was exciting. We all got extremely ______.

8. survive 比……活得长， 幸存 • vi. to remain alive or in existence: ----Few survived after the flood. ----Books have survived from the time of the Egyptians. • vt. to live longer than; outlive: ----He survived his wife for many years. to live or persist through ----The house survived the storm. ----He did not long survive his humiliation. • the survival of the fittest, hopes of survival • the only survivor of the shipwreck send help to the survivors of the earthquake

9. Language understanding • One must develop ways to take satisfaction in one’s daily life. take satisfaction in (doing) sth. to learn to enjoy sth. more phrases: find satisfaction in feel satisfaction at to sb.'s satisfaction (to the satisfaction of sb.)

10. Language understanding • satisfy, satisfied, satisfying, satisfactory satisfaction I had a feeling of _____ when the work was finished. Mr. Knight give a _____ smile. All the information was not enough to ___ me. I am not ____ with the present situation. After a ____ meal, you no longer feel hungry. That certainly seems a ____ explanation.

11. at by • He is an enthusiastic reformer __ heart. • I must get this poem __ heart. • The words were spoken __ the depths of her heart. • He has lost his heart __ a very pretty young girl. • heart and soul • heart attack • break one’s heart from to

12. Contact • n. Finally he managed to get into contact with him. The journalist has a contact in Paris. • v. I shall contact you by telephone on Friday. • be in [out of] contact with • lose contact with • contact lenses • Contact person

13. Decline v. to slope or move downwards About 2 miles east, the land begins to decline towards the river. to move from a better to a worse position, or from higher to lower His power/health/influence has begun to decline now that he is old. to refuse, usu. politely; be unwilling  We asked them to come to our party, but they declined (the invitation).  The minister declined to make a statement to the newspapers.

14. Decline n. There is a sharp decline in interest in sports in our town. She went into a decline and soon died. • decline, to refuse politely, formal word • refuse, to say or show one is unwilling to give or accept sth. general word. • reject, to refuse to accept, submit to, believe, or make use of, strong word

15. refuse/decline an invitation; refuse permissions; decline, reject, or turn down a suggestion; refuse, decline, reject, or turn down an offer; reject or turn down a plan or proposal. • must decline in words: The horse rejected/refused the apple.

16. He had set his heart on pursuing his studies abroad. • We have always pursued a friendly policy towards the Japanese people. • He has been pursued by misfortune. • He pursued the river to its source. • closely pursue the enemy • resolutely pursue knowledge • pursue a 4-year course of study at a college • pursue the study of English for five years • prudently pursue the plan • After a pursuit lasting all day we finally caught up with them.

17. The new cleanser completely fulfilled its purpose. • The doctor’s instructions must be fulfilled exactly. • She succeeded in fulfilling herself both as an actress and a mother. • fulfil a task ahead of schedule • fulfil a promise to the letter • After many years, his plans came to fulfillment. • The fulfillment of my dream is apparently as far off as ever.

18. He drove at a constant speed. • A thermostat keeps the temperature constant. • The machinery requires constant maintenance. • constant arguments • under constant attack in the newspapers • a constant friend • constancy of temperature

19. Crops flourish in rich soil. • He is flourishing in his new job. • The British Empire flourished in the 19th century. • The magazine was in full flourish then.

20. They vowed their love would endure for ever. • They had spent three days in the desert without water, and could not endure much longer. • Few of the runners endured to the finish. • She endures many discomforts without complaint. • Cheap cloth has little endurance. • His cruelty is beyond endurance.

21. She went through the typescript carefully to eliminate all errors from it. • We eliminate most of the runners in the heats; only the best run in the final. • The platform bridge over the railroad tracks eliminated danger in crossing. • He was distressed at the elimination from the contest.

22. nourish hope in one’s heart • nourish the baby on healthy mother’s milk • nourish an infant with milk • The flowers have withered away/up. • Older people are complaining that the old ethical values are withering away. • The wound is still tender. • tender meat a tender heart • a child of tender years • She has a tenderness for cats.

23. Anyway he was dead. I couldn’t bring him back to life. • His painting is a strange mixture of styles. • In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love. • You can learn technical skills through/by trial and error.

24. manual manual skill (adj.) a manual worker (adj.) a manual for students (n.) • Of or relating to the hands • A small reference book, especially one giving instructions. • Employing human rather than mechanical energy: • a pocket reference manual • the service manual • manual industry • manual labor • manual training

25. Bar • The bar of soap slipped from his grasp. • Poor health may be a bar to success in life. • After finishing here legal studies she was called to the bar. • He opened a snack bar. • He barred all the doors and windows of his house. • My father barred smoking at the dinner-table.

26. Language understanding • At length * After some time; eventually: At length we arrived at our destination. * For a considerable time; fully: spoke at length about the court ruling. • More phrases about length *cannot see beyond the length of one's nose find [have, get, know, take] the length of sb.'s foot keep sb. at arm's length

27. D • There’s little chance that mankind would __ a nuclear war. A. retain B. endure C. maintain D. survive • In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women __ this field is climbing. A. engaging B. devoting C. registering D. pursuing D

28. D • In previous times, when fresh meat was in short __, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. A. store B. provision C. reserve D. supply • __ she wondered if she had made a mistake. A. Not until long afterwards that B. Not long until afterwards C. It was not until long afterwards that D. It was long afterwards until C

29. C • Humidity is so intense in some parts of the tropics that Europeans find they are unable to __ it. A. maintain B. persist C. endure D. sustain • She once again went through her composition carefully to __ all spelling mistakes from it. A. withdraw B. diminish C. abandon D. eliminate D

30. C • Those people __ a general understanding of the present situation. A. lack of B. are lacking of C. lack D. are in lack • last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply __. A. declined B. lessened C. descended D. slipped A

31. D • Crisis would be the right term to describe the __ in many animal species. A. minimization B. restriction C. descent D. decline

32. Topics for discussion • What do you think made Mandela such a remarkable person? There are quite a few people who think that he should be considered the man of the 20th century. Do you agree? Why or why not? • In the last paragraph, Mandela wrote, “Sometimes there is nothing one can do to save something that must die.” Do you agree? Why or why not?