Ulysses History How Ulysses was built

1. Ulysses HistoryHow Ulysses was built

2. Table of Content • 1977 Out-of-Ecliptic • 1979 -1982 ISPM Qualification Spacecraft • 1983 ISPM Flight Spacecraft • 1985 Recertification #1 • 1986 Launch Campaign #1 • 1988-1989 Recertification #2 • 1990 Launch campaign #2

3. 1977 Out of Ecliptic • First announcement of a mission to study the north and south pole of the Sun was made 1959 and finally 1977 again, called “Out-of-ecliptic” • Study performed by Dornier System in 1977 and 1978 • The name International Solar Polar Mission (ISPM) was chosen. • Dornier submitted and won the proposal for this challenging spacecraft design • Later on during the run of phase C/D, a contest was held to choose another name. •  Winner was Professor Bertotti with the name “ULYSSES” • Remark: the price was – two bottles of Champagne

4. 1978 ISPM

5. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The qualification was reached via a very luxurious approach by • A Structural model spacecraft • An Engineering Model spacecraft • A Qualification Model spacecraft • The structural model was used for a static load test to proof the strength of the structure •  an accident happened at the preparation: during lifting of the trolley, the s/c glided back onto the frame and as result, an RTG strut was damaged.

6. 1981 ISPM SM Integration • Structure Model arrived at Dornier Cleanroom

7. 1981 ISPM QM Integration • Qualification Model integration at Dornier

8. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The Electro Magnetic Compatibility Test at ESTEC (June 1982)

9. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The qualification Thermal vacuum / thermal balance test at Intespace, Toulouse (July – August 1982)

10. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The Magnetic Test at IABG (Sept 1982)

11. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • After a successful testing a small drink became standard (here after magnetic test)

12. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The qualification Vibration test at IABG, Munich (Sep 1982)

13. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • The qualification Acoustic Noise test at IABG, Munich (Sep 1982)

14. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • All qualification tests have been successfully passed and the go-ahead for the flight model was given. • Some technical data of Ulysses • Mass 367 kg • Dimensions 3,24 x 3,33 x 2,14 meters • Power 284 W at begin of mission, source RTG • Communication High Gain antenna 1,65m with 20 W X-band transmitter • Data Handling Data storage 45 Mbit tape recorder (2 off) • Reaction Control System with 33,3 kg of Hydrazine • AOCS Spin stabilized (5 rpm) with sun sensors and nutation dampers • Mechanism 1 radial boom 5,5m, 1 axial boom 7,5m •  Designed for a life time of 5 years

15. 1979 - 1982 ISPM Qualification • Work at the Check-out Station

16. 1983 ISPM Flight Spacecraft • The flight acceptance testing followed the same approach as for the qualification model • The following tests were performed: • Thermal vacuum / thermal balance test at Intespace, Toulouse (July – August 1983) • Electro Magnetic Compatibility Test at ESTEC (Sept1983) • Magnetic Test at IABG (October 1983) • All tests have been successfully passed but the launcher (Shuttle) was not ready and a new, unexpected phase started  Storage

17. 1983 ISPM Flight Spacecraft • The flight model spacecraft has undergone a magnetic test at IABG successfully

18. 1983 ISPM Flight Spacecraft Ulysses is put into storage after his flight acceptance tests (Dec 1983)

19. 1985 Recertification #1 • In 1984, NASA announced a launch date for Ulysses in May 1986 • Therefore, a recertification phase started in January 1985 and lasted till December 1985 with a complete verification programme. This phase was performed in the ESTEC premises. • Some Instruments were returned 1983 for upgrading internally and had to be integrated and functionally tested again during this period. • In December 1985 everything was ready and Ulysses was shipped to the Kennedy Space Centre. The team arrived January 3, 1986.

20. 1986 Launch Campaign #1 • The launch campaign commenced in January 1986 with the full team deployed to the Kennedy Space Centre, Florida - USA • All final functional testing was running well till January 28, when the accident with the Orbiter Challenger happened  continuation for Ulysses was open. • Work had continued for some weeks at KSC, but then finally stopped by NASA and Ulysses brought back to Europe  another storage period was initiated with an open status • Most of the instruments were returned to the Investigators for special calibration work

21. 1988 - 1990 Recertification #2 • The recertification phase #2 started beginning 1988 until March 1990. • It contained a short thermal vacuum test at ESTEC and a spin balance test. • This test was necessary, because the launcher approach was changed from Centaur upper stage to IUS and PAM-S, which had a spin rate of 60 rpm before separation of the spacecraft.

22. 1988 - 1990 Recertification #2 • Interface Clarification Meeting at McDonald Douglas (1988) with PAM-S

23. 1988 - 1990 Recertification #2 • Visiting the Experimenters in USA 1988, before re-delivering to Europe

24. 1988 - 1990 Recertification #2 • The end of the recertification phase at ESTEC in March 1990

25. 1990 Launch Campaign #2 • The launch campaign started in May 1990 and finished with the successful launch on 6 October 1990 • The spacecraft was transported by a flight from Amsterdam to Orlando, Florida and then by trucks to the Kennedy Space Centre. • Unloading of the trucks was performed by the “heavy gang” of the KSC, but also the entire team has been involved.

26. 1990 Launch Campaign #2 • Men at work

27. 1990 Launch Campaign #2 Ulysses inside the Shuttle Cargo Bay on top of the IUS and PAM-S

28. 1990 Launch Campaign #2 • The Shuttle Discovery (STS-41) ready for take-off

29. 1990 Launch Campaign #2 • The ULYSSES Launch Team

30. The Shuttle Patch 1990 Launch Campaign #2