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Module 4 Unit 1 Decontamination

Module 4 Unit 1 Decontamination. Objectives. Identify appropriate level of protection identify was objects become contaminated identify various methods of decontamination describe emergency decontamination identify appropriate methods for dealing with contaminated patients.

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Module 4 Unit 1 Decontamination

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  1. Module 4 Unit 1 Decontamination

  2. Objectives • Identify appropriate level of protection • identify was objects become contaminated • identify various methods of decontamination • describe emergency decontamination • identify appropriate methods for dealing with contaminated patients

  3. Objectives (cont) • Demonstrate emergency decontamination • perform technical decontamination

  4. Types of contamination • Direct Contamination • contact with product or vapors • Cross Contamination • contact with a contaminated object

  5. Assessment of Contamination • Proper training and training • Proper protection • Physical and chemical properties • is it needed • type required

  6. Decontamination methods • Dry- brushing, removing, vacuuming • does not involve liquids • usually the first step of decon process • important if chemical is water reactive • wet decontamination- flushing, dilution • commonly uses water • dilution or physical removal by flushing

  7. Decontamination Methods (cont) • If material is not water soluble • Then surfactant must be used • Laundry detergent is common

  8. Gross Decontamination • Occurs at edge of Hot Zone • leaves bulk of contamination in Hot Zone • Combination of methods • Hands off process • Advantages: • minimizes the risk through the rest of process • lowers possibility of exposure to vapors

  9. Secondary Decontamination • Occurs after Gross, in Warm Zone • Systematic head to toe removal • Methods: usually wash followed by rinse and removal of PPE • Hands-off until wash and rinse is done • Process will vary

  10. Tertiary Decontamination • Fine removal of remaining contaminants • usually performed at hospital • includes- hygiene showers, skin debridement, dialysis, surgical interventions

  11. Emergency Decontamination • Rapid removal of contaminants • Advantages • Requires minimal special equipment • Performed by operational level responders • Enables rapid medical treatment • minimizes risk down stream

  12. Equipment hydrant gate valve 200’ 2 1/2” hose 50’ 1 1/2” hose gated wye 1 1/2” nozzel cribbing salvage cover or plastic sheeting Set up Emergency Decontamination hill wind

  13. Decontamination Steps strip flush wrap

  14. Technical Decontamination • A through step by step process used to remove contaminates from responders or victims in a non-urgent manor. • More through removal of contamination • Methods will vary with chemical • Technician level assistance is required

  15. Mass Decontamination • Rapid flush of large number of victims • Methods- single engine or multiple engine • considerations • scene control • use of hand lines and deck guns • hands-off operation

  16. Summary • Types of decontamination • Methods of decontamination • Stages of decontamination

  17. Activity 4.1

  18. Module 4 Unit 2Spill, Leak and Fire control

  19. Spill Control • Defensive operations to minimize damage to: • the environment • people • things

  20. Physical state Solid Liquid Gas Environmental Medium Air Surface Water Subsurface Spill Typing

  21. Gas/Air • Control methods • ventilation • dispersion • blanketing • dissolution

  22. Liquid/Surface • Control methods • Diking • Diverting • Retaining • Absorbing - sponging • Diluting

  23. Liquid/Water • Control methods • Booming • Diverting • Damming • overflow/underflow • Retaining • Blanketing

  24. Leak Control • Limmited to remote shutoffs • unless properly trained and protected for product ie: • LPG, Natural Gas, Gasoline • remote shutoffs • fixed facility’s • transportation

  25. Fire Control • Fire Fighting Foam • advantages • reduces evaporation • decreases production of vapors • prevents ignition • quick fire knock down

  26. Hydrocarbon/ polar solvent/ Multi use protein/ synthetic based expansion ratios re-ignition/ burnback resistance water retention Heat resistance protection from freezing compatibility with dry chemical viscosity can be pre-mixed fuel shedding capability Foam Characteristics

  27. Protein Foam • 3-6% • made from animal protein • good re-ignition resistance • excellent water retention • may freeze • may add anti-freeze

  28. Flouro-protein Foam • 3-6% • Excellent fuel shedding • long term vapor suppression • good water retention • long heat resistance • low viscosity • excellent for sub-surface injection

  29. AFFF • 1, 3-6% • synthetic based • good penetrating abilities • may use non-aerating nozzles • low viscosity • can be pre-mixed • multi-purpose

  30. Application Rates • May vary between manufactures • different for ignited spills • calculate and assemble needed amount before beginning application • must be faster than destruction rate

  31. General Guidlines • AFFF and FFFP= .10 GPM solution psf • Polar Solvents= .24 GPM solution psf • Protein and Flouro-protein= .16 GPM • Non-ignited require lower rates

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