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The situation of women scientists in academia in Poland

The situation of women scientists in academia in Poland. Magdalena Zajac-Fras Cracow University of Economics. Presentation :. Gender structure of students Gender structure at the universities and glass ceiling Grants and publications among scientist

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The situation of women scientists in academia in Poland

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  1. Thesituation of womenscientistsinacademiain Poland Magdalena Zajac-Fras CracowUniversity of Economics

  2. Presentation: • Genderstructure of students • Genderstructureattheuniversities and glassceiling • Grants and publicationsamongscientist • Family status and universitycareer of academics • Expenditure on science and otherproblems • Conclusions

  3. Genderstructure of studentsin Poland • Personswithhighereducation: • Decade of eighties: 6,5% • 2004: 10,2% • 2010: 20% • Womenarebettereducatedthan men • In the period 1990-2005: • thenumber of femalestudentsincreased 5 times • thenumber of malestudentsincreased 4 times

  4. Theproportion of womenamongpersonswiththedegree of thePh.D., theHabilitated Doctor and thetitle of Professoramongyears (1/2; 1/3; 1/4) Science and technology in 2003, Warsaw, Central Statistical Office 2004.

  5. The Glass CeilingIndex (GCI) – indicatorthatmeasurestherelativechance for womencompared to men of reaching a top position • GCI = P / Pa • P = proportion of womeningradeA+B+C • Pa = proportion of womeningrade A • Grade A – Fullprofessor • Grade B – Habilitated doctor • Grade C – Doctor • If GCI=1 thereis no differencebetweenwomen and men regardingpromotion • Thehigherthevaluethethickertheglassceiling SheFigures 2006, Eurostat, p. 52, 101; Re-claiming a politicalvoice: women and science in Central Europe, Prague 2008, p. 141.

  6. The Glass CeilingIndexinacademicinstitutions SheFigures 2006, Eurostat, p. 59.

  7. Managerialpositionsinhighereducationinstitutions and R&Dunits Re-claiming a politicalvoice: women and science in Central Europe, Prague 2008, p. 142.

  8. Universityphenomena • Lower expenditures on science, lowernumber of men inacademia • Women as „winnersamonglosers” • Externalbraindrain • Internalbraindrain Source: R. Siemienska, The puzzle of genderresearchproductivityinPolishUniversities, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p. 241-265.

  9. Trendsinreceivinggrants and publications • Grants: professors > youngresearchers • Polishgrants: men>women • Foreign grants: women=men • Abroadpublications: men>women • Polishpublications: women>men • Biggestpublicationproductivity: • Women - age 51-65 • Men – age 30 - 63 Source: R. Siemienska, The puzzle of genderresearchproductivityinPolishUniversities, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p. 252-257.

  10. Time between status passages by sex in Poland (in years) Source: A. Majcher, Seekingtheguilty – Academicsbetweencareer and familyin Poland and Germany, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p.307.

  11. Family status of academicsin Poland Source: A. Majcher, Seekingtheguilty – Academicsbetweencareer and familyin Poland and Germany, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p.312.

  12. Childcarebeing an obstacle to theprofessionalwork Source: A. Majcher, Seekingtheguilty – Academicsbetweencareer and familyin Poland and Germany, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p.317.

  13. Possibleconclusions: • To adjust career schemes, to take into account different life trajectories of women and their additional responsibilities in the family • To behave as if women did not bear children,assign care responsibilities to the public institutions • To support a new division of labourwithin families, adjust career schemes to different life trajectories Source: A. Majcher, Seekingtheguilty – Academicsbetweencareer and familyin Poland and Germany, in: GenderedCareerTrajectoriesinAcademiain Cross-National Perspective, ed. R. Siemienska, A. Zimmer, SCHOLAR, Warszaw 2008, p.324.

  14. R&Dexpenditureas a percentage of GDP Waste of talents: turningprivatestrugglesinto a public issue, Women and Science intheEnwisecountries,Science and Society, Brussels, p. 60.

  15. Mainproblems of womeninacademiain Poland: • Glass ceiling • External and internalbraindrain • Lowexpenditure on highereducation, lowsalaries • Double burden – athome and intheworkplace • Lack of childcareinstitutions • Differentmandatoryretirementages

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