Forces that Change the Earth and Landforms Review

1. Forces that Change the Earth and Landforms Review 3rd Grade

2. Question 1 • Volcanoes create new land on the Earth’s surface when – • Lava cools and hardens to form rock • Magma forms giant underground chambers • Saltwater touches lava and forms steam

3. Answer • Lava cools and hardens to form rock Lava is molten rock. When it cools, it hardens into rock. This creates new land.

4. Question 2 • A landslide is a most likely caused by – • Strong winds • Breaking rocks • Heavy rains

5. Answer • Heavy rains • Heavy rains cause the soil to loosen. This may eventually cause it to slide downhill.

6. Question 3 • Which of the following best describes how an earthquake changes the Earth’s surface? • Throws rocks and ash into the air • Violently shifts the surface of the Earth • Forces lava through holes in the ground

7. Answer • Violently shifts the surface of the Earth • The shifting the of the surface of the earth by an earthquake can cause cracks in the ground.

8. Question 4 • Which event forces melted rock from deep in the earth towards the surface? • Earthquakes • Landslides • Volcanic eruptions

9. Answer • Volcanic eruptions • A volcanic eruption causes magma to erupt from underneath the surface of the Earth. Once the magma has erupted, it is called lava.

10. Question 5 • _____________________ is the movement of weathered rock and soil.

11. Answer • Erosion

12. Question 6 • A ________________ is an underwater earthquake.

13. Answer • Tsunami

14. Question 7 • A _______________ is the rapid movement of rocks and soil down a hill.

15. Answer • Landslide

16. Question 8 • ______________ is the process of rocks breaking down into smaller pieces.

17. Answer • Weathering

18. Question 9 • Funnel cloud is another name for a _____________________.

19. Answer • Tornado

20. Question 10 • ______________ are slow moving frozen rivers.

21. Answer • Glaciers

22. Question 11 • An opening in the earth’s crust from which lava flows is a ----

23. Answer • Volcano

24. Question 12 • A mound of earth with a rounded top which is smaller than a mountain is a ------

25. Answer • Hill

26. Question 13 • A thin natural waterway that allows water to flow into a lake or ocean is a -----

27. Answer • River

28. Question 14 • A thin strip of land that extends into a body of water is a -----

29. Answer • Peninsula

30. Question 15 • Low land between hills or mountains is called a -----

31. Answer • Valley

32. Question 16 • A large natural area of water surrounded by land is a -----

33. Answer • Lake

34. Question 17 • A large, tall rock that extends into the air which is larger than a hill is a -----

35. Answer • Mountain

36. Question 18 • A natural area of water that is mostly surrounded by land is a -----

37. Answer • Bay

38. Question 19 • An area of land that is completely surrounded by water is an -----

39. Answer • island

40. Question 20 • A large area of flat land or gently rolling land is a -----

41. Answer • Plain