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PURPOSE OF RESPIRATION

PURPOSE OF RESPIRATION. If you were to design an efficient breathing system, what would the requirements be?. 'I lived in an iron lung for seven years' By John Prestwich for CNN Monday, November 14, 2005 Posted: 1600 GMT (0000 HKT).

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PURPOSE OF RESPIRATION

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  1. PURPOSE OF RESPIRATION If you were to design an efficient breathing system, what would the requirements be?

  2. 'I lived in an iron lung for seven years' By John Prestwich for CNN Monday, November 14, 2005 Posted: 1600 GMT (0000 HKT) CNN) -- John Prestwich was diagnosed with polio at the age of 17 in 1955, which made him paralyzed from the chin down. He has spent 50 years on an artificial ventilator, including seven in an iron lung. Iron lungs work on negative pressure. In other words the iron lung is sealed and attached to bellows, which lower the air pressure inside the iron lung to create a negative pressure http://edition.cnn.com/2005/TECH/11/10/john.prestwick/

  3. PURPOSE OF RESPIRATION If you were to design an efficient breathing system, what would the requirements be?

  4. What would a machine need to do? • Collect new air • Get rid of old air • Hold/store air • Connect to body via transportation system (circulatory system) FUNCTION: •  move oxygen from the outside environment into the body •  remove carbon dioxide from the body

  5. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • External respiration • Internalrespiration

  6. RESPIRATION External= breathing Internal Between blood and cell Between environment and lungs http://activity.ntsec.gov.tw/lifeworld/english/content/body_cc4.html

  7. EXTERNAL RESPIRATION AKA- BREATHING

  8. RESPIRATORY TRACT Bronchi

  9. TUBULAR PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR TRACHEA Bronchioles

  10. DIAPHRAGM Dome-shaped muscle attached to rib cage that contracts& flattens out during breathing

  11. Observe what happens to the diaphragm.

  12. Breathing – The Lungs Breathing animation video http://teachhealthk-12.uthscsa.edu/studentresources/AnatomyofBreathing3.swf Pay attention to the role of the ribcage and the diaphragm and how these creates a pressure difference so breathing can take place. "nature hates a vacuum" http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/introbioslab/Bios170/diffusion/Diffusion.html

  13. BREATHING

  14. Breathing in - inhaling Rib cage expands Diaphragm moves downward Pressure reduces inside lung Result – air is drawn into the lungs

  15. Breathing out - exhaling Rib cage contracts Diaphragm moves upward / inward Pressure increases inside lung Result – air is pushed out of the lung

  16. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • External respiration • Internalrespiration

  17. RESPIRATION External Internal Between environment and lungs -inhale -exhale Between blood and cell http://activity.ntsec.gov.tw/lifeworld/english/content/body_cc4.html

  18. RESPIRATORY TRACT Bronchi

  19. RESPIRATORY TRACT Epiglottis Bronchi

  20. TUBULAR PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR TRACHEA Bronchioles

  21. Alveoli CO2 and O2 exchanged at the same time bronchioles pulmonary artery (deoxygenated blood) Pulmonary vein (oxygenated blood) alveolus

  22. bronchioles

  23. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0 Respiration Video

  24. TUBULAR PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR TRACHEA Bronchioles

  25. Air Composition • Exhaled air • Nitrogen N2 – 79% • Oxygen O2 – 16% • CO2 – 4% • Others - 1% Inhaled air • Nitrogen N2 – 79% • Oxygen O2 – 20% • CO2 – 0.04% • Others - 0.96%

  26. INTERNAL RESPIRATION AKA CELLULAR RESPIRATION Between blood and cell

  27. Breathing – The Alveoli • Diffusion • The movement of gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. http://patrickpoon.com/etp/Diffusion.html

  28. http://patrickpoon.com/etp/Diffusion.html DIFFUSION

  29. Gaseous exchange requires:

  30. HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • Large surface millions of alveoli • Thin Epithelium 2-cell layer • Ventilation maintains diffusion gradient • Capillary network concentration gradient favors diffusion

  31. Gaseous Exchange Alveoli – Capillary Interface

  32. Breathing – The Alveoli Breathing in Breathing out high concentration of oxygen low concentration of carbon dioxide To the heart From the heart O2 O2 O2 CO2 O2 O2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 low concentration of oxygen high concentration of carbon dioxide Diffusion

  33. Thin membrane between air and blood • Moist surface area • Permeable membrane between air and blood • Large surface area • Association with rich blood supply

  34. Respiration Food + Oxygen  CO2 + water + ENERGY Glucose + O2 CO2 + water + ENERGY C6H12O6+ O2 CO2 + H2O + ENERGY C6H12O6+ 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY

  35. Cell Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

  36. http://sdfs.ucps.k12.nc.us/images/Lungs.htm

  37. Study Guide: Grade 8 Science – Breathing and Respiration • Content • Be able to label the mains parts of the respiratory system. • Know the gases in the air. • Know the percentages of the gases in inhaled air. • Know the percentages of the gases in exhaled air. • Know where gas exchange takes place • Understand the term diffusion • Understand the role of diffusion in the exchange of gases • in the lungs • Explain how the alveoli have developed to allow for the • exchange of gases. • Understand the structures involved in the breathing process. • Understand the role of pressure in the breathing process. • Describe how the composition of the blood changes as it passes through the lungs • Know the structures affected, causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment of various breathing disorders. Note: Electronic copy saved in Student Resources Folder

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