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Problem Based Learning

Problem Based Learning. By: Courtney, Pablo, Kathy, Jorge, & Katie. What is PBL?. http://www.iop.org/education/higher_education/stem/problem-based/page_50125.html. Student-centered- rather than sitting in a lecture, students are encouraged to solve problems set in a real world framework.

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Problem Based Learning

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  1. Problem Based Learning By: Courtney, Pablo, Kathy, Jorge, & Katie

  2. What is PBL? http://www.iop.org/education/higher_education/stem/problem-based/page_50125.html Student-centered- rather than sitting in a lecture, students are encouraged to solve problems set in a real world framework. PBL is a constructivist theory.

  3. A PBL approach means that students take a greater part in their own learning. http://www.iop.org/education/higher_education/stem/problem-based/page_50125.html The problems are often complex and open-ended, requiring real thought and inquiry. The students work together in small groups supported by a staff facilitator. The groups enable the students to test and develop their level of understanding as they discuss their theories and findings with others.

  4. Underlying Theories of PBL • Cognitivism • Jerome Bruner • Epistemic Motivation • Pragmatism • John Dewey • Principle of Autonomous Learning

  5. History of PBL http://online.sfsu.edu/~rpurser/revised/pages/problem.htm PBL originated in the medical field Medical school programs found lectures followed by clinicals to be an ineffective way to produce future physicians. A new strategy of learning was created due to the new technology and medical discoveries. Late 1950’s- Case Western Reserve University Late 1960’s- McMaster University in Canada

  6. Why PBL? • http://online.sfsu.edu/~rpurser/revised/pages/problem.htm From kindergarten to college, students who are taught through direct instruction are found to be bored with their education. Students have trouble seeing that what they are being taught has relevance to real-world situations.

  7. The advantages of PBL • PBL can give students a deeper understanding of the theories and principles behind the material and can be more engaging than a direct instruction approach. • PBL eases transition to life beyond school as it mirrors how people work in the real world. • Encountering a complex problem • Working in a group/collaboration • Dividing up tasks • Employing communication skills/respect • Promotes critical thinking • Promotes self-directed learning All aspects of real-life jobs!

  8. Research on PBL effectiveness “Results indicated high levels of perceived success with problem-based learning. On all the identified components of changes in students learning processes and self-efficacy—self-confidence, group dynamics, self-motivation, and independence—all students indicated problem-based learning had positive reactions. Results indicated all students benefited from problem-based learning in one way or another.” Nancy Cerezo, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina Problem-Based Learning in The Middle School: A Research Case Study of the Perceptions of At-Risk Females, Published by RMLE Online, Research in Middle Level Education, 2004 Volume 27, Number 1. Research study done by Ahmed Faris in 2008 evaluated if PBL implementation in a 9th grade science class full of students who typically show disinterest in learning about science could have a positive impact. The conclusion of the research showed that 22 of the 25 students that participated indicated that they now had a high interest in learning science.

  9. Characteristics of PBL http://wiki.triastelematica.org/index.php/Education:Problem-based_learning A predetermined set of steps to analyze and solve a problem description, or 'task' A group of students meeting up to 'tackle the problem' in one or more phases of the PBL process A facilitator, coaching the group's learning process Self-formulated learning goals, directing individual study activities A rich and accessible learning environment

  10. Phases of Problem Solving http://wiki.triastelematica.org/index.php/Education:Problem-based_learning Phase 1- Pre-discussion as a group • Clarifying text and terms • Brainstorm • Analyze problem and possible solutions • Formulate individual objectives Phase 2- Individual study in order to help meet group objectives • Individual work to accomplish set goals and to gain an understanding that will ensure a complete project Phase 3- Post-discussion as a group • The group members bring together their findings, discuss and come to an agreement on the solution

  11. Why are some critical of PBL? Might be too abstract for concrete-thinkers. Ill-structured learning negates teacher planning and active instruction. Influence of the facilitator on the group Negative group dynamics

  12. Technology and PBL As students are using new technology to create their solution, they are learning new ways to implement that new technology. As teams construct their presentations, they can use social networking or collaborative websites.

  13. Success was determined, rather, by whether or not the students "owned" the problem as a real problem for them, as the problem with which they really were engaged. http://wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/Problem-Based_Learning_in_Middle_and_High_School

  14. PBL problem set for Physics http://www.iop.org/education/higher_education/stem/resources/page_43344.html

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