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INLS 520

INLS 520. Information Organization. Review. History of Classification Aristotle, Linnaeus, Rosch Definitions, differences Classification as Knowledge Types of systems Enumerative Hierarchies Faceted. Today. Cspan – Debate Hub XML Q&A Classification (again) More Definitions

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INLS 520

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  1. INLS 520 Information Organization INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  2. Review • History of Classification • Aristotle, Linnaeus, Rosch • Definitions, differences • Classification as Knowledge • Types of systems • Enumerative • Hierarchies • Faceted INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  3. Today • Cspan – Debate Hub • XML Q&A • Classification (again) • More Definitions • Another look at classification systems • Transformation assignment INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  4. XSL - Review • Questions from last week? INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  5. Classification • “The meaningful clustering of experience” (Kwasnik) • “useful during the preliminary stages of inquiry as a heuristic tool in discovery, analysis, and theorizing” (Davies) • “descriptive explanatory, heuristic, fruitful, and perhaps also elegant, parsimonious, and robust” (Kwasnik) • Categorizing forces catalogers “to guess what their users are thinking, and to make predictions about the future” (Shirky) INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  6. Theoretical frameworks • Definition • Theory brings • Abstraction • Structure • A way of creating new knowledge through application of first concepts • Theories are • Social, political, systematic, an ‘approach’ INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  7. Types of systems • Taxonomies • Ontologies • Thesauri • Folksonomy • Hypertext – Links • “there is no shelf and there is no file system”(Shirky) INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  8. Relationships • Equivalence • “use”, “see”, “isVersionOf”, “isFormatOf” • Hierarchical • Generic – “is a” • Partitive – “is part of”, “has part”, “has conceptual part”, “member of” • Instance – • Associative • “isReferencedBy”, “isRequiredBy”, “hasDerivative” INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  9. Top down / bottom up • Top-Down • Order is important, content second, organization first. • Bottom-up • Organization based on content (think post-coordinate) • Organization concepts • Broader term, narrower term, use, use for, related term (ISO2788) INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  10. Classification systems - exercise • Break into groups, discuss & list • Goal • Structure • Issues • Benefits • Kwasnik’s list • Hierarchies • Tees • Paradigms • Faceted analysis • Shirky’s List • Folksonomies INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  11. Features Inclusiveness “Is-a” relationship Inheritance Transitivity Systematic Mutually exclusive Neccesary and sufficient Hierarchies • Issues • Illusion of completeness • Multiple perspectives • Lack of comprehensive knoeldge • IDfference in scale • Lack of tranistivity • Strict rules • Benefits • Comprehensive • Economy of notation • Inheritance • Inference • Real definitions • Holistic perspective • High level view INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  12. Features Hierarchy without inheritance Varied relationships (beyond is-a) Partitive relationships Trees • Issues • Rigidity • One-way perspective • Selective perspective (single attribute) • Benefits • Shows a primary relationship well • Indicates distance between objects • Shows relative frequency INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  13. Features Horizontal, multi-dimensional Matrix allows assignment of attributes rather than placement in hierarchy Paradigms • Issues • More extensive knowledge required • Limited explanatory power • Limited overview, navigational abilities • Benefits • Naming allows abstraction • Definition/distinction allows assignment of attributes • Matrix allows comparison of attributes • Empty values tell us something INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  14. Features Multi-dimensional Multi-relationship driven Triples, object with attribute Faceted Classification • Issues • Lack of obvious relationships • Difficult to navigate, visualize • Harder to establish facets • Benefits • Accomodates Partial Knowledge • Flexibile, Hospitable • Expressive • Bottom-up, not top-down • Multi-theoretical • Multi-perspective INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  15. Folksonomy • Features • Single level description • Open vocabulary list • User supplied/harvested tags • Issues • Lack of controlled vocabulary • Lack of relationship/hierarchy assignment • Lack of definition of intent • Benefits • Flexible • User-Centered • Harvestable(?) – for what? INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  16. Choosing a framework • How extensive, defined is the information? • Is your subject matter static or fluid? • What access are you trying to provide? • What external pressures exist? • What external entities/theories will interact with this system? INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  17. Applying Commercial Models to information systems • The Library as Bookstore example • What is it? • Break into groups & look at: • http://www.ckls.org/~crippel/marketing/bookstore.html • http://sitemaker.umich.edu/666bookstoreorlibrary/home • Think of some features/benefits/issues of applying the bookstore model to library systems. Are there other models? INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  18. Features Physical Smell Music Lighting Layout Organizational Genre based Recommendations Power aisles Bookstore Model • Issues • Simplified classification does not always work • Negates author based arrangement • Is this a primary goal of the library? • Benefits • User-centric • Builds on studies/research done in commercial world • Service rather than resource based • Some of this can be done virtually – “did you mean”, “others liked” services http://www.ckls.org/~crippel/marketing/bookstore.html INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

  19. Next Week • Controlled vocabularies • Hold off on MultiTes – will find a java application • Readings • Willpower Information Consultants. 1998- • Boxes & Arrows site • Leise et al. All about facets & controlled vocabularies. • Fast et al. 2002. What is a controlled vocabulary • Leise et al. 2003. Creating a controlled vocabulary • Leise et al. Synonym rings and authority files • Mathes. 2004. Folksonomies - cooperative classification and communication through shared metada • Optional • Guy & Tonkin. 2006. Folksonomies: Tidying up tags?http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january06/guy/01guy.html - INLS 520 – Fall 2007 Erik Mitchell

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