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PLATO

PLATO. 428-347 B.C. Who was he?. Born in Athens to aristocratic family Philosopher in Classical Greece Student of Socrates Teacher of Aristotle Mathematician Writer: Socratic dialogues Founder of the Academy in Athens (world’s first university). Plato’s Republic.

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PLATO

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  1. PLATO 428-347 B.C

  2. Who was he? • Born in Athens to aristocratic family • Philosopher in Classical Greece • Student of Socrates • Teacher of Aristotle • Mathematician • Writer: Socratic dialogues • Founder of the Academy in Athens (world’s first university)

  3. Plato’s Republic Plato’s Republic is one of the Socratic dialogues and includes: • The Ring of Gyges • The Allegory of the Cave

  4. The challenge of the ring of Gyges • Seeming (the way things appear) vs. Being (the way things are) • Do you behave morally so you have the reputation (appearance) of behaving morally or because behaving morally is (being) valuable in itself to you?

  5. The challenge of the cave • Seeming (the way things appear) vs. Being (the way things are)

  6. Glaucon’s Goals • Nature and origin of justice • Glaucon is Plato’s brother. He is talking to Socrates • Claim 1 People act justly unwillingly– and do so only because they will gain a good reputation • Claim 2 people are right to do so • Seeming (the way things appear) vs Being (the way things are) • i.e. seeming dangerous matters more than being dangerous • Is there value in being just or in seeming to be just?

  7. Glaucon thinks there is value to seeming just • Socrates thinks there is value to seeming just and in being just • Glaucon if just behavior was divorced from typical consequences • Act morally you are perceived as acting morally • Act immorally you are perceived as acting immorally • But if you behave immorally and are unseen, your reputation remains the same, what would you do? • The ring of gyges is the test of this

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