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Introduction to Internet and World Wide Web

This chapter provides an overview of the internet and the World Wide Web, covering topics such as internet protocols, static vs dynamic web pages, client-side vs server-side technology, client-server architectures, and the Model-View-Control paradigm.

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Introduction to Internet and World Wide Web

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  1. Chapter 1 The Internet and World Wide Web Date: 12 September 2017

  2. Outlines • Introduction to the internet & the web • Internet protocols • Internet, Intranet & Extranet • Static vs. Dynamic Web Pages • Client Side vs. Server Side Technology • Client – Server Architctures • The Model – View – Control Paradigm

  3. Internet vs. Web Figure 1.1: Internet vs. Web

  4. Internet vs. Web Figure 1.2: Web

  5. Internet Protocol • Through communication protocols • A communication protocol is a specification of how communication between two computers will be carried out • IP (Internet Protocol) • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) & UDP (User Datagram Protocol) • Other application protocols: DNS (Domain Name Service), SMTP (Simple Mail Transmission Protocol), and FTP (File Transmission Protocol)

  6. The Internet Protocol (IP) • A key element of IP is IP address, a 32-bit number • The Internet authorities assign ranges of numbers to different organizations • IP is responsible for moving packet of data from node to node • A packet contains information such as the data to be transferred, the source and destination IP addresses, etc. • Packets are sent through different local network through gateways • A checksum is created to ensure the correctness of the data; corrupted packets are discarded • IP-based communication is unreliable

  7. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) • TCP is a higher-level protocol that extends IP to provide additional functionality: reliablecommunication • TCP adds support to detect errors or lost data and to trigger retransmission until the data is correctly and completely received • Connection • Acknowledgment

  8. TCP/IP Protocol Suites HTTP, FTP, Telnet, DNS, SMTP, etc. TCP, UDP IP (IPv4, IPv6)

  9. The World Wide Web (WWW) • WWW is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents that runs over the Internet • Two types of software: • Client: a system that wishes to access the information provided by servers must run client software (e.g., web browser) • Server: an internet-connected computer that wishes to provide information to others must run server software • Client and server applications communicate over the Internet by following a protocol built on top of TCP/IP – Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)

  10. Internet vs. Intranet vs. Extranet Figure 1.3: Internet vs. Intranet vs. Extranet

  11. Static & Dynamic Web Pages Figure 1.4: Static & Dynamic Web Pages

  12. Static & Dynamic Web Pages Figure 1.5: Static & Dynamic Web Pages

  13. Client Side vs. Server Side Technology Figure 1.6: Client Side vs. Server Side

  14. Client Side vs. Server Side Technology Figure 1.7: Client Side vs. Server Side

  15. Client Side vs. Server Side Technology Figure 1.8: Client Side vs. Server Side

  16. Client – Server Architecture Figure 1.9: Client - Server Architecture

  17. Client – Server Architecture Figure 1.10: Client - Server Architecture

  18. The Model View Control Paradigm Figure 1.11: Model View Control Paradigm

  19. Question & Answer

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