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Worthing Rice Apprentice Program

Read, Write, Study and Learn about the brain, electronics, and computers in small, serious, caring groups lead by Rice students and faculty. Worthing Rice Apprentice Program. April 21, 2011. One Challenge: 3 Million with Epilepsy Three Teams. Team VNS Crystal, Charriel and Donya

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Worthing Rice Apprentice Program

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  1. Read, Write, Study and Learn about the brain, electronics, and computers in small, serious, caring groups lead by Rice students and faculty. Worthing Rice Apprentice Program April 21, 2011

  2. One Challenge: 3 Million with EpilepsyThree Teams • Team VNS • Crystal, Charriel and Donya • Jessica, Alicia and Malcolm • Team Spike • Jairus, Naam, Edwin, Princess, Andre, and Kendre • Katie, Jen, Jamie and Jon • Team EEG • Keyera, Sade, Sane, Javan, Loyce and Guillermo • Andrew, Kiefer, Ryan, Zach and Steve

  3. Vagus Nerve Stimulator Group Charriel Greer, Donya Guyton, Crystal Stanford-Wallace A large percentage of epileptic patients do not respond to anti-convulsant drugs. Rather than removing the suspect brain tissue doctors often trick the brain into treating itself. One such method is Vagus Nerve Stimulation, in which the Vagus Nerve is artificially driven at a rate and amplitude that leads to the beneficial release of calming hormones into the hyperactive tissue.

  4. Vagus Nerve Stimulator Small device which is the size of a silver dollar Sends mild, electrical impulses to the brain through vagus nerve Vagus nerve then stimulates Locus Coeruleus which delivers a hormone that reduces seizures.

  5. Locus Coeruleus and Norepinephrine The Locus Coeruleus is a nucleus in the brain stem that responds to stress and panic. Norepinephrine has two roles. It is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. As a stress hormone it affects parts of the brain where attention and responding actions are controlled. In the central nervous system and sympathetic nervous system where it is released from noradrenergic neurons.

  6. Neuron Communication

  7. A Closer Look at the Synapse

  8. Removal of Neurotransmitters

  9. Chemical Equations Reactants and Products Types of Equations Balancing Equal moles of each atom on each side of the equation

  10. Rate of Reactions Depends on • Concentration of Reactants • Rate coefficients A+B C • Forward Rate= kf [A][B] • Reverse Rate= kr [C]

  11. Neurotransmitters and Receptors R + Nt C

  12. Forming Complexes R + Nt C

  13. Comparing Normal and Epileptic Patients Because epilepsy patients have more formed complexes, the neurons will fire more.

  14. Modeling: the First Step to Understanding Epilepsy This design characterizes the reaction between neurons and neurotransmitters Using this, we can determine the concentration of complexes when a neuron fires By modeling the synapse, we hope to gain a better understanding of how neuron disorders work

  15. Team Spike • Naam McClinton • Kendre Watson • Princess Rolle • Edwin Garcia • Andre Burrell • Jairus Warren • Goal: Build circuits that produce spikes

  16. Passive Model

  17. Simulations

  18. Fitzhugh-Nagumo Model • Simplification of the active neuron model • Future work: examine synchrony among neurons

  19. Guillermo Chavez Javan Hamilton Loyce Gayo Keyera Lee Sane Picquet Sade Picquet EEG = Extremely Excited Group Goal: Decode brain waves into movement

  20. Projects • Programming in Octave & Matlab • Building EEG circuit board • Building the awesome car (soon) • Recording and measuring brain waves • Putting it all together

  21. What is EEG? • EEG (electroencephalogram) • Measures electrical activity in the brain • Common uses for brain disorders, e.g., Epilepsy

  22. EEG Circuit Building • Electrical parts and components • Capacitors • Resistors • Potentiometers • Wires • Op-amps • Bread board • Battery

  23. The Secret Behind the Magic! Raw Data from EEG Linear interpolation Fourier Transform CAR MOVES (aaaaaaaawwwwhhh moment)

  24. Mathematical Methods • Math basics • Fourier Theory- breaks down brain waves into sine waves • (Play FREQ) • Programming • Trapezoid Rule • Fourier series • Move car by high (gamma) vs. low (theta) frequency

  25. Demo & Thanks • Our Mentors • Dr. Dave Caprette (Crawfish and Frog Labs) • Dr. Maria Oden and Mr.Carlos Amaro (Design Kitchen) • Dr. Anne Saterbak (Microscope/Circuit Lab) • Ms. Laura Cox (Snacks) • Ms. Honore and Dr. Cox

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