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The Birth of the Republic

The Birth of the Republic. The Seven Kings of Rome. Romulus Numa Pompilius Tullius Hostilius Ancus Marcius Tarquin Dynasty Tarquinius Priscus Servius Tullius Tarquinius Superbus. Tarquinius Priscus (616 – 579BC). wealthy businessman guardian of Ancus ’ sons expansion of Senate

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The Birth of the Republic

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  1. The Birth of the Republic

  2. The Seven Kings of Rome • Romulus • Numa Pompilius • Tullius Hostilius • Ancus Marcius • Tarquin Dynasty • Tarquinius Priscus • Servius Tullius • Tarquinius Superbus

  3. Tarquinius Priscus (616 – 579BC) • wealthy businessman • guardian of Ancus’ sons • expansion of Senate • ludi Romani • Circus Maximus • triumph (aquila) • adoption of ServiusTullius • regicide and Tanaquil’s manipulation

  4. THINK PAIR SHARE:What is your impression of the first Tarquin?

  5. Servius Tullius (578 – 534BC) • Census • comitia centuriata • Equestrians (12) • 1st Class (80) • 2nd, 3rd, 4th (20 each) • 5th (30) • Proles (1) • temple to Diana • Lucius & Tullia Prima and Aruns & TulliaSecunda • Desecration of Servius

  6. Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (534 – 509BC) • Cloaca Maxima • IuppiterCapitolinus • Indifference towards the Senate • Reign of Terror • Purge • Council of Latium • Books of the Sibyl

  7. Rape of Lucretia • SextusTarquinius • TarquiniusCollatinus • Ardea • “Be still, Lucretia! I am SextusTarquinius. My sword is in my hand. Utter a sound, and you die!” • threat of disgrace • father and husband arrive with a “trusted friend” (LuciusJunius Brutus) • “for my own part, though I acquit myself of the sin, I do not absolve myself from punishment; nor in time to come shall ever unchaste woman live through the example of Lucretia”

  8. “By this blood, most chaste until a prince wronged it, I swear, and I take you, gods, to witness, that I will pursue Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and his wicked wife and all his children, with sword, with fire, aye with whatsoever violence I may; and that I will suffer neither them nor any other to be king in Rome!”

  9. THINK PAIR SHARE:To what extent do you believe the story of Tarquin Superbus is based on fact?

  10. Overthrow of Monarchy • mutiny at Ardea • 509BC • establishment of the consulship (toga praetexta, faces) • LuciusTarquiniusCollatinus, and LuciusJunius Brutus • Oath before Iuppiter

  11. resignation of Collatinus • election of Publius Valerius • coniuratio of Brutus’ sons • Tarquin and the Veii • Death of Brutus • Publicola

  12. Lars Porsenna Mucius Scaevola Horatius

  13. Latin League • Lavinium • Battle of Lake Regillus • Aulus Postumius, Dictator

  14. THINK PAIR SHARE:What precedents were established by Brutus and Collatinus? What important themes and beliefs change during this revolution from monarchy to republic; what important themes and beliefs remain consistent?

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