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A review of the current status of land based warm water recirculation fish farms in England

A review of the current status of land based warm water recirculation fish farms in England. 20th February 2012 Keith Jeffery: Senior Fish Health Inspector. Why carry out a review ? Research plan Findings and case studies R&D requirements 8 th World Recirc Conference.

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A review of the current status of land based warm water recirculation fish farms in England

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  1. A review of the current status of land based warm water recirculation fish farms in England 20th February 2012 Keith Jeffery: Senior Fish Health Inspector

  2. Why carry out a review ? Research plan Findings and case studies R&D requirements 8th World Recirc Conference

  3. Why carry out the Review ? 2008 - Paul Abel European Grants Centre Spate of Tilapia farms Sustainability claims ? Could Cefas investigate ? 2009 – Applied for Defra Challenge funding 2010 – Awarded contract to begin June 2010

  4. Project Plan Technology, performance and operation of RAS. Financial sustainability ? Failures ? Sustainability issues. Contribution to the fish supply chain. SWOT Report Interim 1 Literature Search / Conference Interim 2 Field visits with semi structured interviews Final Report

  5. Findings and case studies Production of table trout v’s RAS

  6. Findings and case studies RAS production by species

  7. Findings and case studies RAS start up and shutdown

  8. Findings and case studies Top ten critical factors for success or failure

  9. Case study 1- What Not to Do Build Cost £10Million - £14million Rental costs 25k pcm Salt water supply ?? £2.10m3 Waste Treatment ?? £1500 pump out Experienced staff ?? Nil Insufficient bio-filtration Water quality problems (all parameters) H&S issues Lack of harvesting technology Lack of mort removal technology Power supply Species knowledge - change of diet Lack of surrounding support industry London investors - salary Belt filters 3 men ½ day, 2k, 1Million Depuration ? Released fish before ready £16.00 per kilo (£6.00) – best £3.20 Av £2.40 BUT at END FCR 1.35, 95% Survival, 300g – 1k 4-6months TOO LATE

  10. Case study 2 –Turkey & Tilapia (We thought he might make it) Agricultural farmer diversification Purchased system 2nd hand £75K Existing vacant barn Intended 40 tonnes Close to London markets Fisk keeping knowledge BUT Too many teething problems , too long System designs faults Inadequate filtration Electricity, gas, water costs Half sales – double costs Unscrupulous customers – cheaper imports £3.00 per kilo might have made it

  11. Case study 3 – The Future ? 1000 tonne site - Economy of scale High Bio-security – Ozone in Good water supply !! Dedicated sales manager Skilled, experienced staff part of big group Now have significant backing Market uptake for product - body shape Contract with higher end supermarket Adequate filtration, solids removal - alarms No medicines / health problems Lower lipid diets 95% survival FCR1.3 Bio-remediation Wetlands BUT – Electricity supply ? generators, Nimbys, 24 hr attn, Staff, Not easy, still improving technology, Know your market!

  12. Economics & running costs • Improving the energy efficiency of RAS. • Greater integration of alternative (greener) energy sources thus reducing both carbon footprint and running costs. • Technology & System design • Investigation of long-term effects on RAS e.g. build up of organics, heavy metals with small replacement volumes. • Is the removal of trace elements a problem? • Better delivery systems for Oxygen O2 and Ozone O3 • Cheaper water quality monitoring equipment • Improvement in a common design • Simplification of systems • Long term prospects and issues for RAS R&D requirements(industry suggestions) • Feed • Development of fish meal and oil alternatives • Development of RAS specific diets • Use of sprouted grains and seeds • for herbivorous fish • Product • Consistency of quality of product • Research into tainting (taste) • Stock • Improving growth rate genetic selection and selective breeding • Domestication of alternative species & research into their lifecycles • Genetic selection of existing aquaculture species for farming in RAS • Saltwater tilapia production systems / work better and easier to run • Others • Image of fish farming needs to be improved • Closer co-operation between science and RAS sector (more applied research) • Discharge • Use of effluents as very rich in nutrients • Aquaponics

  13. 8th World Recirculation Conference Virginia Tech - International Conference - 2 years RAS in Penaeid Shrimp Culture RAS for Salmonids RAS Technology for Mollusk Culture RAS Process Control Fish Health/ RAS Biosecurity Culture of Algae as an Alternative Fuel Source Innovative Feeds for RAS Sustainable RAS

  14. Freshwater Institute , Shepherdstown, VA

  15. Thank You Co-authors Tim Ellis Nick StintonSponsor Steve Feist Defra Challenge Funding

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