Creation and End of Apartheid in South Africa

1. Creation and End of Apartheid in South Africa 7th Grade Social Studies

2. SS7H1 • SS7H1 • The student will analyze continuity and change in Africa leading to the 21st century

3. SS7H1C • SS7H1c: • Explain the creation and end of apartheid in South Africa and the roles of Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk

4. Early 1900s As a British colony during the early 1900s, South Africa was controlled by the white descendants of earlier European settlers The basic human rights of native Africans were taken away

5. Apartheid (1) Apartheid – “separateness”, divided South African society into separate groups depending on race Apartheid was initiated during the 1940’s and continued until the 1990s Conflict between races was common

6. Apartheid (II) As the colony gained independence in the early 1960s, the white South Africans continued to dominate society Apartheid became tougher on native South Africans as resistance increased

7. Apartheid (III) • Most nations around the world disagreed with apartheid • Many of these countries stopped trading with South Africa • Many economic sanctions were placed on South Africa

8. Nelson Mandela Leader of the anti-apartheid movement Imprisoned between 1963 and 1990 for his anti-apartheid activities Upon his release in 1990 he advocated for the end of apartheid

9. F.W. De Klerk President of South Africa (1989-1994) Believed that apartheid should be eliminated Released Mandela from prison

10. Mandela and DeKlerk • Mandela and De Klerk worked together to abolish apartheid in South Africa • 1994 – the first free elections were held in South Africa • Mandela became the first non white president of South Africa

11. South Africa today • Although apartheid was eliminated during the mid 1990s, many problems still exist today • Political instability • HIV/AIDS (life expectancies lowered) • Economic disasters