Georgia and the American Experience

1. Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 4: 1477-1752 Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony Part 1 Study Presentation

2. Georgia and the American Experience Section 1: An Age of Exploration Section 2: English Settlement in the New World

3. Section 1: An Age of Exploration • ESSENTIAL QUESTION • What were the effects of the interactions of Europeans and Native Americans?

4. Section 1: An Age of Exploration • What words do I need to know? • middleman • monarch • colony

5. Section 1: An Age of Exploration • What people do I need to know? • Christopher Columbus • Hernando De Soto

6. Section 1: An Age of Exploration • What places do I need to know? • St. Augustine • Guale

7. Spain and the Age of Exploration • Columbus discovered San Salvador Island (part of today’s Bahamas) in 1492. • Columbus later explored the coasts of Central and South America and other Caribbean islands. • Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the South American coast in 1499; a mapmaker named the new land “America.”

8. Hernando De Soto Searches Georgia for Gold • In 1540, Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto, with hundreds of men, marched north from Tampa, Florida into southwest Georgia (near today’s Albany). • De Soto’s weapons, plated armor, and horses overwhelmed the Native Americans; thousands of American Indians in Georgia died, many from disease brought by the Spaniards. • The Spaniards marched across Georgia into South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought.

9. Spain’s Early Missions in Georgia • In 1566, Spain established missions on Georgia’s Cumberland Island and St. Catherine’s Island, called Santa Catalina. During the same century, posts were established at Sapelo and St. Simon’s Island. • The Spanish missionaries called the region Guale (pronounced “Wallie”) after the Guale Indians. Click to return to the Table of Contents

10. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World • ESSENTIAL QUESTION • What caused a rivalry between England and Spain in the New World?

11. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World • What words do I need to know? • mercantilism • indentured servant • slave • garrison

12. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World • What places do I need to know? • Jamestown, Virginia • Fort King George

13. English Settlements in the New World • The English established colonies on North America’s Atlantic coast throughout the 1600s. The goals of the colonists varied, from religious mission, gaining wealth to bettering their lives. • Great Britain wanted raw materials from the New World’s colonies, which it would manufacture into finished goods and sell to other countries. This was mercantilism. • By 1686, as the English colonies reached as far south as South Carolina, the Spanish retreated from Guale to St. Augustine, Florida. Great Britain wanted a “buffer” colony to protect the English colonists from Spanish Florida.

14. The English Influence in the Georgia Colony • The French began colonizing the Gulf coast and parts of Alabama. England began worrying about the French and Spanish threats to its colonial claims. • In 1721, the English established Fort King George at the mouth of the Altamaha River, near today’s Darien. The fort was a “warning point” for invaders from Spanish Florida. The fort was abandoned after six years. • Although Great Britain claimed Georgia in 1663, it didn’t begin making plans to settle the territory until 1717. Click to return to the Table of Contents

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