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Knowledge Management: Best Practices for Productivity & Innovation. Dr Madan Rao Editor, “The Knowledge Management Chronicles” http://twitter.com/MadanRao madan@techsparks.com. The Knowledge Journey. Existing knowledge Traditional knowledge Organisational knowledge New knowledge
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Knowledge Management: Best Practices for Productivity & Innovation Dr MadanRao Editor, “The Knowledge Management Chronicles” http://twitter.com/MadanRaomadan@techsparks.com
The Knowledge Journey • Existing knowledge • Traditional knowledge • Organisational knowledge • New knowledge • Innovation in organisations • Startups/entrepreneurship
KM: Drivers and Outcomes • Drivers • Internal • Challenges: knowledge retention • Opportunities: improving productivity • External • Challenges: competition, environmental pressure • Opportunities: innovation, globalisation • Outcomes • Productivity, Innovation, Risk management
Wealth, if you use it, comes to an end; learning, if you use it, increases. - Swahili proverb I hear, I forget. I see, I remember. I do, I understand. - Chinese proverb A known mistake is better than an unknown truth. - Arab proverb An old patient is better than a new doctor. - Kannada proverb
KM Focus Areas • Best practices • Project management, delivery • Risk management, knowledge retention • Sustainable innovation • Intellectual capital management • Efficiency, productivity • Customer excellence, citizen satisfaction
The “8 Cs” of Success in the Knowledge Era • Connectivity • Content • Community • Culture • Capacity • Cooperation • Commerce • Capital
The “8 Cs” of Success in the Knowledge Era • Connectivity • Connectivity, bandwidth, devices, platform, interfaces, standards, portal • Content • Archives, assets, databases. Creation, codification, classification, archival, retrieval, tracking • Community • Knowledge-exchange communities, evolution of communities, support • Culture • Trust, support, learning organisation
The “8 Cs” of Success in the Knowledge Era • Capacity • Roles, organisational support, training, HR • Cooperation • Between units, with customers/partners, industry, external institutes (eg academia) • Commerce • Commercial and other incentives, pricing of knowledge contribution, ranking and usage • Capital • Investments into KM practice, RoI metrics
Connectivity • Early bumps: Fujitsu (lack of standardisation) • Open Text: Livelink Wireless • Sun (Philippines): SMS, PDA workflow • Siemens Medical Systems: Med2Go, iPaq • Buckman Lab’s K-Netix: CompuServe -> Web • WLANs/WiFi: Creative design of workplaces
Content • Siemens: taxonomy, global editing team • Swiss Re: Knowledge managers • Factiva, LexisNexis: Newsfeeds for Intranets • EMC: Techlore knowledge respository • EMC: Tech support KnowledgeBase • Fujitsu: ProjectFinder • i2: Project Workbench • Hill & Knowlton: “Bestsellers”
Communities of Practice • Bank of Montreal: Social Network Analysis • Tata Steel: 21 CoPs • ChevronTexaco: CoPs and M&A • DaimlerChrysler: TechClubs • Oracle: Professional Communities Top down, bottom up, middle out; boundary-spanning
Culture • EMC: KM culture via peer pressure • i2: Start-up culture, learning fast • IBM: Cognizant Enterprise Maturity Model • i-Flex: quiz program • Infosys: “Learn once, use anywhere” • Quiver: “Engineering versus the rest” block • Fujitsu Consulting: Early “dis-enlightenment”
Capacity: Knowledge Roles Boundary spanners, roamers, outposts, knowledge project managers, stewards, coaches, trainers, councillors, counsellors, officers, integrators, administrators, engineers, librarians, synthesisers, reporters, editors, learning officers, CKOs, directors of intellectual assets, CIOs, anecdote manager . . . . . . . . . . !
Capacity • EMC: Formal training programs • HSS: KM workshops • i-Flex: Software process certification • NASA: Mentoring program (Academy of Program and Project Leadership) • Bank of Montreal: K-Café • Johnson&Johnson: KNEAT (Knowledge Networking Environmental Assessment Tool)
Cooperation • Industry associations: vertical (eg. NASSCOM), cross-sector (eg. APQC), national (IKMS – Singapore; K-Community - India) • EDS: Collaboration with US business schools • MITRE: Knowledge Partners program – retirees • Open Text: KM Advisory Board with 20 top customers • SunPhil: KM Association of the Philippines • World Bank’s networking of city mayors in Central America
Commerce: Knowledge Marketplace • Siemens: “shares,” cellphones • Infosys: Knowledge currency units • MITRE: KM Achievement Award, Corporate KM Recognition Awards • EDS: EDS Fellows Programs • IBM: Knowledge Advantage awards
Capital • Buckman Labs: US$7,500 per person (4 per cent of revenue) • McKinsey: 10 per cent of revenue is spent on KM • Hoffman-LaRoche: cut down drug application process by several months (US$1 million per day)
Maturity: Metrics • Activity metrics • Process metrics • Knowledge metrics • People metrics • Organisational metrics
Metrics • Quantitative metrics • Semi-quantitative metrics • Qualitative metrics
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Social Media and KM Impacts • Increased the population of experts available (internal + external) • Improved creation + validation of expertise (speed, quality) • New collective + unstructured + narrative knowledge • “Force multiplier” for collaboration and innovation • SEO + SMO • Trends: mash-ups and apps
KM: Sectoral Advantages • Media: management of multimedia content, smooth workflow, delivery of content on multiple devices at user end, CRM • Government: Retention of expertise from retiring employees, one integrated citizen interface for e-government services, better response to citizen/business queries
KM: Sectoral Advantages • High-tech manufacturing: Reduced time to market, time to repair; learning from customer inputs and suggestions; project/product management • Banking/finance: New product development, customer/activity profiling, reducing costs, harnessing new technologies
KM Maturity & Evolution • 2 years of KM • Scaling (horizontal/vertical), fine-tuning rewards/awards, refining metrics • 5 years of KM • Phasing out rewards; external metrics for assessing KM effectiveness; awards • 10 years of KM • Global benchmarkes, global awards, thought leadership: books, case studies (eg. Infosys)
Emerging Trends • Storytelling • External KM • Gamification • Sense-making • KM + innovation • Research mindset • Internal crowdsourcing
Wealth, if you use it, comes to an end; learning, if you use it, increases. - Swahili proverb I hear, I forget. I see, I remember. I do, I understand. - Chinese proverb A known mistake is better than an unknown truth. - Arab proverb An old patient is better than a new doctor. - Kannada proverb
Questions? Twitter: @MadanRao