Nanotechnology in Clothing

1. Nanotechnology in Clothing Consorte | Torres | Villafuerte | Vizconde

2. History of Clothing • When people first started wearing clothes? - Anthropologists estimate ~100,000 to 500,000 years ago. • The first clothes? - made from natural elements: animal skin and furs, grasses and leaves, and bones and shells.

3. settled neolithic cultures -woven fibersvs animal hides • history of clothing = history of textiles -weaving, spinning and other techniques and machines • Sewing machine

4. NANOTECHNOLOGY • It is the application of nanomaterial based on the study and engineering of matter at the scale of nanometers. • “engineering of tiny machines”

5. Comparative View of the Sizes http://www.nanosilver.com.my/nanotech.asp

6. NANOTECHNOLOGY • Advantages: -Can actually revolutionize a lot of electronic products, procedures, and applications -Can benefit the energy sector -Can benefit the manufacturing sector -Can create ‘smart drugs’ for medicinal means

7. NANO-TEXTILES • Application of nanotechnology • Involves dealing with nanofibers at the atomic and molecular levels in order to tweak their properties • Examples: - water-resistant and dirt-free clothes - odor less socks - smart clothes that can perform UV protection, wrinkle resistance, color durability, flame retardancy and better thermal performance

8. Antimicrobial Nanosilver • Widely used in sports clothing to eliminate unpleasant odors from sweat • It has silver nanoparticles which are antimicrobial in nature • Tiny silicon fibers, titanium oxide

9. Antimicrobial Nanosilver http://www.nanomark.org.tw/Eng/License/14/ http://www.nanosilver.eu/T-shirts/Woman-s-fitness-tank-top-nanosilver-CLASSIC-SALMON-COLOUR http://www.nanosilver.eu/T-shirts/Gents-T-shirt-nanosilver-CLASSIC-imprinted-LOGO-BLACK http://taufiklatef.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/silver_fiber_socks_antibacterial_socks_antiodour_socks.jpg

10. Antimicrobial Nanosilver http://illumin.usc.edu/printer/244/silver-nanoparticles-a-valuable-weapon-in-microbial-warfare/

11. Waterproofing with Nanotechnology http://www.coroflot.com/joooo/nanophea

12. Waterproofing with Nanotechnology http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/12/18/silic-t-shirt-_n_4464229.html http://images.businessweek.com/ss/07/02/0206_techfashion/source/1.htm

13. Personal Climate Control • ClimaWare such as shoes, jackets and helmets can serve as an ACs or heaters at the press of a button • Light-weight • Can be used in defense, health care, athletics, and other personal climate control uses • The principle behind is the Peltier Effect – when the electricity is passed through two connected metals, one will cool and the other gets heated up

14. Personal Climate Control http://www.fastcodesign.com/1662859/nanotech-clothing-warms-in-winter-cools-in-summer

15. Lightweight Nano-Insulation • Uses polymers like polyimide, which are strong and heat resistant, to reinforce silica networks in the aerogel’s structure • Aerogel has been used as insulation in space suits

16. Nanofabrics • Nanofabrics are textiles engineered with small particles that give ordinary materials advantageous properties such as superhydrophobicity (extreme water resistance). • A fiber that has a width of less than 1000 nanometers(1000 nm or 1 μm) is generally defined as a nanofiber.

17. Processes and Applications • Sol-gel • Electrospinning • Textile Manufacturing • Drug Delivery • Tissue Engineering

18. NANOTECHNOLOGY • Disadvantages: -Possible loss of jobs in the traditional farming and manufacturing industry -Crash of certain markets such as oil industry and diamonds -Atomic weapons can now be more accessible and destructive -Inhalation of these minute particles -It is very expensive

19. Ethical Concerns of Nano-Textiles • Human Health Concerns • Inhalation or exposure can cause health risks • Nanoparticlescan cause cell dysfunction ***Lead to kidney/ bladder disease • Brain damage ***Equivalent to mercury poisoning

20. Ethical Concerns of Nano- Textiles • Environmental Concerns • Silver can clog sewers • Pollution issues (nano-contamination) • May threaten ecosystem and aquatic life

21. Ethical Concerns on Nano- Textiles • Economic Concerns • It is expensive • Companies that manufacture cleaning supplies and other commercial clothing products could experience significant decrease in sales

22. Next step? • Research on existing technologies to further innovations • Active research in the risks of nanotechnology should be promoted • Ethical use by both industrial and commercial use should be carefully monitored and enforced

23. THANK YOU! 

24. References: • http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a/clothing.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_silk • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hide_materials • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerogel • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofabrics • http://www.nanosilver.com.my/nanotech.asp • http://www.nanomark.org.tw/Eng/License/14/ • http://taufiklatef.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/10/silver_fiber_socks_antibacterial_socks_antiodour_socks.jpg • http://www.nanosilver.eu/T-shirts/Woman-s-fitness-tank-top-nanosilver-CLASSIC-SALMON-COLOUR • http://www.nanosilver.eu/T-shirts/Gents-T-shirt-nanosilver-CLASSIC-imprinted-LOGO-BLACK • http://illumin.usc.edu/printer/244/silver-nanoparticles-a-valuable-weapon-in-microbial-warfare/ • http://www.coroflot.com/joooo/nanophea • http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/12/18/silic-t-shirt-_n_4464229.html • http://images.businessweek.com/ss/07/02/0206_techfashion/source/1.htm • http://www.fastcodesign.com/1662859/nanotech-clothing-warms-in-winter-cools-in-summer