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Modernization of Agro Meteorological Advisory Service in India Prakash Kumar, Jt. Secy

Modernization of Agro Meteorological Advisory Service in India Prakash Kumar, Jt. Secy Min. of Earth Sciences. The Purpose. To acquaint State Govt Officials on steps being taken to modernize IMD Shift from manual system to Automatic System Data Collection Data Compilation and Processing

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Modernization of Agro Meteorological Advisory Service in India Prakash Kumar, Jt. Secy

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  1. Modernization of Agro Meteorological Advisory Service in India Prakash Kumar, Jt. Secy Min. of Earth Sciences

  2. The Purpose • To acquaint State Govt Officials on steps being taken to modernize IMD • Shift from manual system to Automatic System • Data Collection • Data Compilation and Processing • Running of NWP Models • Generation of Forecast and Advisory based on Forecast

  3. Phase-I of Plan From 80 Cr plan budget to 450 crores budget (first two years it is 920 Crores) • 550 AWS • 1350 ARGs • 13 DWRs • 26 Airport systems • DSS • Software and Data Centre • Networking etc. Modern IMD

  4. The Aim • To make more accurate forecast (then more accurate advisory) • To services various sectors • To generate new products • To generate location specific forecast

  5. Role of Weather Information in Farm Management • Selection of time for Sowing/harvesting operations • Irrigation scheduling • Mitigation from adverse weather events such as frost, low temperature, heavy rainfall – at critical crop stages • Fertilizer and Pesticide application

  6. Present Status • Coarse resolution • Entire country not covered • Limited outreach and inadequate dissemination system • Crop specific advisory not available • Location specific advisory not available • Adverse weather advisory is quite generic and not location specific

  7. Future Roadmap

  8. Synergy with State Governments • Sharing of data on rain (ARGs or manual RGs) and AWSs • Will be useful for Insurance sector • Setting up of District Centres • Dissemination of Advisory • Feedback on quality of forecast • PPP model for crop specific advisory

  9. Agro Meteorological Advisory Service in India: Future Plan L.S.Rathore Ministry of Earth Scinces lsrathore@ncmrwf.gov.in

  10. Role of Weather Information in Farm Management • Cultivars Selection • Choosing windows for Sowing/harvesting operations • Irrigation scheduling – optimal water use • Mitigation from adverse weather events such as frost, low temperature, heavy rainfall – at critical crop stages • Fertilizer application • Pesticide/fungicide spraying schedules • Feed, Health and Shelter Management for Livestock [Optimal temperature for dairy/ hatchery etc]

  11. COMPONENTS OF AGROMET ADVISORY • WEATHER/CLIMATE INFORMATION • - summary of preceding week, • - Climatic normal for the week, Weather • - Medium Range Weather forecast • CROP INFORMATION • - Type, state and phenological stages of the crops • - Information on pest and disease and • - Information on crop stresses • ADVISORY FOR WEATHER WISE FARM MANAGEMENT - Crop-wise farm management information tailored to weather sensitive agricultural practices like sowing, irrigation scheduling, p & d control operation, fertilizer use etc. - Spraying condition for insect, weed and their products - Livestock management information for housing, health and nutrition etc.

  12. CHALLENGES • Skillful, Quantitative, Location Specific, Seamless Weather Forecast (Forecasting Division of IMD) • Assessment of Crop, Livestock, Soil & P&D Conditions in the context of AAS • Weather Sensitivity of Crops & Management Practices • Decision Support Tools for Translating Weather Forecast into Advisories • Dissemination, Outreach & Feedback • Synergistic Collaboration among Participating agencies

  13. Mission……. • To provide district level medium range weather forecast • To Generated farm advisories based on the District Level Weather Forecast • To develop telecommunication network • To develop dissemination mechanism so as to communicate the farmer such forecast & advisories • To develop an effective feedback mechanism

  14. India Meteorological Department • Milestones 1932, 1945, 1976 • 23 State Agromet Service Centre in collaboration with SDA • Agro-advisory preparation - Monday & Thursday • Composite Agro-advisory preparation- Tuesday & Friday • Dissemination- AIR, Doordarshan, Print media, Website

  15. National Centre for Medium Range Forecasting • 107 AAS units with SAUs & ICAR institutes • 4-days forecast + weekly outlook preparation- Tuesday & Friday • Agromet Advisory Board & Agro-advisory - Tuesday & Friday • Composite bulletin preparation – Monday • Crop Weather Models • Dissemination- AIR, Doordarshan, Print media, Web • Feedback – Farmers, Forecast Verification, Economic Impact Assessment & Annual Review Meetings • AAS awareness & user interaction programmes

  16. Indian Council of Agricultural Research • 25 Centers of AICRP on AgroMeteorology • Located at SAUs with AAS of NCMRWF • R&D in Agromet • Agromet data bank & Website

  17. PHILOSOPHY OF INTEGRATED AAS • AAS has to be essentially a multi-institutional program. • As the basic core is weather and climate, IMD has to play pivotal role. Integrate AAS at IMD in a collaborative manner. • Around meteorological nucleus, one needs to synthesize the orbits of agro-meteorological data base along with decision support system to translate weather forecast into advisory. • The final orbit comprises of Information dissemination agencies. These include; KVK, DAO, ATMA, NGOs etc • Mass media dissemination agencies such as Radio, television, print media etc. And Village level knowledge dissemination agencies needs to play an active role.

  18. Collaborating Agencies It is proposed to meet the abovechallenges under Integrated system involving the following participatory organizations • Ministry Of Earth Sciences • India Meteorological Department • National Centre For Medium Range Weather Forecasting • Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology • Indian Council For Agricultural Research • Department Of Agriculture & Cooperation • State Departments Of Agriculture • State Agricultural Universities And Other Universities • Ministry of Information Technology • Ministry of Science & Technology • Ministry of Information & Broadcasting • All India Radio • Prasar Bharati And TV Channels • Print Media • Department Of Space • Min. of Rural Development • MSSR Foundation & Other NGOs

  19. TIER 1 Apex Policy Planning Body TIER 2 National Agro Met Service HQ (Execution) TIER 4 AMFUs Agro Climatic Zone Level ~ 127 TIER 3 State Agro Met Centres~28 coordination/monitoring TIER 5 District Level Extension & Training Input management as advisory Plan For Integrated AAS Drivers of Integration- Need for Crop specific District Level Advisory and Village Level Outreach.

  20. DISTRICT LEVEL AGRO-MET EXTENSION (DAO, KVK, ATMA, NGOs etc.) Basic philosophy: To carry out extension of agro met advisories and collect feed back to understand dynamically varying needs of the farmers. • Receive advisory bulletins and Disseminate to farmers through local mass media, AIR & Private Radio, cable network, District/Tehsil/Block/Village Level. • Manage farm inputs as advised in coordination with other line function departments of Sate Govt. • Observe high impact weather events and report to AMFU. • Collate district level Rainfall & Agricultural data- crop acreage & condition, rainfed/irrigated, P&D incidence and send to AMFU. • Obtain farmers feedback and disseminate to AMFU/KVK . • Farmers Training and awareness programmes

  21. Issues to Involve DAO/KVK/ATMA/NGOs • Set up Linkages between AMFU and District Agencies • DAO may be the lead Agency? • Orientation Training to Man power involved • Meet Telecom Needs • Develop Linkages with Media & Other Dissemination Agencies • Develop Feedback Mechanism • Contribution & Access to data bases (NIC, ICAR, SAU, IMD) • Do they need resources? If yes, SDA may support? • Organize State Level meet to Develop Mechanism for District Level AAS

  22. Aspect of automation and local inputs into the advisories • Agro Met Observations & Data Needs • Weather & Climatic information requirements • Mechanism for Preparation Of Advisory (Automation issues) • Development Of DSSAT For AAS • Role Of IT in Preparation Of Advisory • Use Of Remote Sensing in AAS Etc.

  23. Forecast System

  24. Multimodel Super Ensemble Technique Generation of Multi-model Forecasts Step-2 NCMRWF T-254 NCEP GFS UK Met ECMWF Forecast = wiFi +d d= Value-addition

  25. Time Targets: Development of District LevelWeather Forecast • Development of Super Ensemble for Rainfall -15th October 2007 • Technique Development for Temperature Forecast-26 January 2008 • Trial Run- May Day 2008 • Operational run- 01 June 2008

  26. Advisory Service System

  27. EXISTING FARM WEATHER SERVICE SYSTEM IMD/NCMRWF PREPARATION OF LOCATION SPECIFIC FORECAST FEEDBACK FROM FARMERS/ AAS UNIT FAX PHONE INTERNET • AAS UNITS (SAUs / ICAR institutes) PREPARATION OF AGROMET ADVISORY BULLETIN FARMERS’ FEEDBACK AIR PERSONAL T.V. PRINT CONTACT FARMERS

  28. Proposed District Level Agro-Met Advisory Service System IMD/NCMRWF PREPARATION OF DISTRICT WISE MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECAST BY STATE MET CENTRE Agro-climate level agro-met data 127 AG.MET. FIELD UNITS PREPARATION OF DISTRICT SPECIFIC AGRO-ADVISORIES FOR CONCERNED AGRO-CLIMATIC District-wise Agro-met data DISTRICT AGRICULTURE OFFICES OF STATE GOVERNMENTS DISSEMINATION OF DISTRICT LEVEL AGRO-ADVISORIES Feedback analysis FARMERS (THROUGH MEDIA, EXTENSION SERVICES, PERSONAL CONTACT)

  29. Network AAS Network- Agro-climatic Zone level Forecast:127 Stations

  30. Proposed District-Level Medium Range Forecast 602 Stations

  31. Mass Mode of Dissemination • All India radio • Television • Print Media 2.Outreach at Village level - Ministry of IT Internet based Village Connectivity - MSSRF & other NGOs 3.Human face for advisory dissemination - KVK (ICAR): Training + interaction - DAO (SDA): Coordinate Farm inputs with Line Function Dept. in rhythm of weather forecast - NGOs & other intermediary groups - Web portals - Awareness Programme

  32. Dissemination of advisories • All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan • Private TV radio channels • Mobile phone / SMS (Pull in & Push up) • Newspaper • Internet • Kisan Call Centers/KVK/DAO • Time criticality in dissemination • Language of bulletins • Frequent interaction & constant feedback

  33. Establishment of Common Service Centres (CSC) by DIT • DIT is developing ICT facilities for the benefit of the citizens, especially those in rural & remote areas. • 1,00,000 CSC will be set up in rural areas by the year 2007 to provide all possible services. • Among others, Agro Met services would be provided through the CSCs. • State government have to put in place an appropriate institution mechanism for such support.

  34. Feedback Issues & Mechanism • Quality of Forecast • Quality & relevance of Advisories • Farmer should contact Whom & How? • Problem solving through interactive mode • Answering questions of common interest through bulletins • Accessibility to information via internet, ICT • Accessibility to Experts & video Conferencing

  35. Thanks Jai kisan Jai Vigyan

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