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TEXONO Research Program on Low Energy Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics

TEXONO Research Program on Low Energy Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics. Recent Status of Neutrino Physics TEXONO Collaboration : Overview Kuo-Sheng( 國聖 ) Reactor Neutrino Laboratory ※ Facilities ※ Research Topics R&D Program. Henry T. Wong / 王子敬 Academia Sinica / 中央研究院

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TEXONO Research Program on Low Energy Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics

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  1. TEXONO Research Program on Low Energy Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics • Recent Status of Neutrino Physics • TEXONO Collaboration : Overview • Kuo-Sheng(國聖) Reactor Neutrino Laboratory ※Facilities ※ Research Topics • R&D Program Henry T. Wong / 王子敬 Academia Sinica /中央研究院 @ Yong Pyong / 龍平 *Taiwan EXperiement On NeutrinO http://hepmail.phys.sinica.edu.tw/~texono/

  2. Dm2 –  : Summary 2002 PDG 2000: SK atm. n SNO solar n

  3. KamLAND : picks LMA for solar n K2K : Consistent Checks to atm. n SK

  4. Solar LMA Solution (before Sept 03) + SNO Salt Results …..

  5. Neutrino Mass Structures : • Normal Vs Inverted Hierachy ?? • Quasi-Degenerate Vs Hierarchical ?? Dm2 Atm. n Solar n ※absolute scale unknown

  6. TEXONO* Collaboration W.C. Chang, K.C. Cheng, M.H. Chou, H.C. Hsu, C.H. Iong, G.C.Jon, F.S. Lee, S.C.Lee, H.B. Li, V. Singh, D.S. Su, P.K.Teng, H.T.K.Wong,  S.C. Wu Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan W.P. Lai Chung Kuo Institute of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan C.H. Hu, W.S. Kuo, T.R. Yeh Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Lungtan, Taiwan H.Y. Liao, S.T. Lin,M.Z. Wang National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan F.K. Lin National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Z.M. Fang, R.F. Su Nuclear Power Station II, Kuosheng, Taiwan J. Bao, K.J. Dong, S. Jiang, L. Hou, Y.H. Liu, H.Q. Tang, B. Xin, Z.Y. Zhou Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China J.Li, Y. Liu, J. Nie, Z.P.Mao, J.F.Qiu, H.Y.Sheng, P.L.Wang, X.W. Wang, D.X.Zhao, P.P.Zhao, B.A.Zhuang Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China J.Q. Lu, T.Y. Chen Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Y. An, D.Z. Liu, Q. Yue, Y.F. Zhu Tsing Hua University, Beijing, China C.Y. Chang, G.C.C. Chang University of Maryland, Maryland, U.S.A. Co-Prinicipal Investigators Ph.D. Students • HISTORY • Initiate : Chang Chung-Yung 1996 • First Collab. Meeting/Official Start : October 1997 • First Paper : October 1998 • KS Reactor Experiment Installation : June 2000 • First Ph.D. : Liu Yan , July 2000 • First Physics Data Taking : June 2001. • First Physics Results: Dec 2002.

  7. TEXONO Overview Program: • Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory ※ reactor : high flux of low energy electron anti-neutrinos ※mn0  anomalous n properties & interactions • ※ n physics full of surprises , need intense n-source • study/constraint new regime wherever experimentally accessible • explore possible new detection channels • R&D Projects Poineering Efforts : “Zero-Background Experiment” ! • KS Expt:1st large-scale particle physics experiment in Taiwan • TEXONO Coll. : 1st big research Coll. % Taiwan & China [feature report in Science, Vol. 300, 1074 (2003) ]

  9. Kuo-Sheng Nuclear Power Plant KS NPS-II : 2 cores  2.9 GW KS nLab: 28 m from core#1

  10. Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Laboratory • High flux of ne(also ….. ne) • Modular Design : independentdetector, electronics, shielding • high-Z target, large re • Improved detector performance:  good energy & spatial resolution, low threshold, a/g separation • Elaborate electronics+DAQ+control sys.  complete record of pulse shape + timing info. • Elaborate Shieldings  radon purge & 4p cosmic veto

  11. Kuo Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory Front Gate Front View (cosmic vetos, shieldings, control room …..) Configuration: Modest yet Unique Flexible Design: Allows different detectors conf. for different physics Inner Target Volume

  12. KS Expt: Period I Detectors ULB-HPGe [1 kg] CsI(Tl) [46 kg] FADC Readout [16 ch., 20 MHz, 8 bit] Multi-Disks Array [600 Gb]

  13. Kuo Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory : First Results  See Hau-Bin Li ‘s Talk Citation in AIP’s Physics News Update #631-1 (2003).

  14. Reactor mn(ne) Sensitivities Gn Sensitivities

  15. KS Physics Program : Period I & II HPGe [1 kg] : • mn + Gn : x2 more data from PRL improved background & analysis • study ne flux from reactor dominated by 51Cr : ~ 10-3 (prelim.) • study possible nuclear transitions e.g. 73Ge* decays by 2g’s separated by t1/2=4.6 ms CsI(Tl) [186 kg] : • attempt measurement of Standard Model s(nee-)  sin2qw at MeV range Prototype ULE-HPGe [5 g] : • threshold < 300 eV  ~ 100 eV • explore potentials on nN coherent scattering & CDM

  16. Reactor Neutrino Interaction Cross-Sections P2: SM (ne) > 2 MeV P1: MM (ne) 1-100 keV P3+: Coh. (nN) < 1 keV

  17. Fission Material Neutrons Fission Products Captured Captured Structural materials of reactor odd-odd nuclei Electron capture or + decay ( neglected ) νe Emission Reactor as ne Source Mostly rich in neutrons ¯ Decay back to  stable valley Anti-neutrino Emisson

  18. Tagging of 73Ge ½- 2g transitions: • Event-by-Event background-free tag with PSD • To do : Reactor ON/OFF analysis on the system ~1 s before the transition • To look for : possible n-induced nuclear transitions

  19. CsI(Tl) Array : Highlights • 40 cm length (longest commercial prod.) • Energy+3D info: 10% FWHM at 660 keV s(z) <2 cm @ E>250 keV • Detector Threshold ~ 20 keV • PSD for g/a : > 99% • Intrinsic Purity : 238U/232Th < 10-12 g/g (equil.) 40K < 10-10 g/g cosmic muon events on-site @ 46 kg target • Full Detector: • 186kg target on-site for Period-II • DAQ with large dynamic range

  20. Period-2 CsI(Tl) Array : 186 kg, 93 crystals Single Crystal QL Vs QR (Raw Data) Z = 0 cm  Venktesh Singh‘s Talk Z =40 cm 208Tl 40K 137Cs Region of Interest for SMs(ne)

  21. “Ultra-Low-Energy” HPGe Prototype • mass 5 g ; can be constructed in multi-array form • threshold <100 eV after modest PSD • background measurement on-site Nov 03 • study appl. in nN coherent scattering and Dark Matter searches  Hau-Bin Li & Qian Yue’s Talk

  22. ULE-HPGe Prototype Results PSD Cut Threshold ~ 100 eV Threshold < 100 eV Signal Band

  23. R&D Projects • Explore New Detectors Scenarios (LEn, CDM …) • other crystal scintillators • ultra low energy HPGe [ O(100 eV) threshold ] • Feasibility Studies onCsI(Tl) for Dark Matter Searches  Approved Experiment @ Korea by KIMS Coll. • Upgrading FADCs (+ FPGA etc. capabilities…..) for LEPS@SPring8 • Trace Radio-purity with AMS( Accelerator Mass Spectrometry)  1st goal : sensitivity of 10-14 g/g in 40K • Sono-LuminescenceProject (inter-disciplinary)

  24. CsI(Tl) for CDM Searches (Feasibility Studies : TEXONO-CosPa Project) • Potential Merits: • Better PSD for g/a separation than NaI(Tl) • Minimal passive materials • Large target mass possible (c/f em-calor. 40 tons) • Highlights of R&D Program: • Quenching Factor measurements with neutron beam  lowest threshold data • 1st direct measurement of diff. cross section in heavy nuclei • PSD studies with Neural Net. & Max. Likelihood  improve conventional methods NKIMS Expt. :  200 kg CsI(Tl) for CDM in S. Korea

  25. TEXONO/KS FADC for SPring8/LEPS • 40 MHz ; 12 bit ; 32 ch/module @ 9 U VME [ c/f KS FADC : 20 MHz ; 8 bit ; 16 ch/module ] • On-board processing with FPGA • 1000 channels used in TPC in LEPS Expt. @ SPring8 TPC for LEPS @ SPring8 Mixed signal FADC Adapter Board • 40 MHz sampling rate. • 10 bits resolution with 2Vp-p dynamic range. • Clock distribution with Phase Lock Loop circuit. • On Board digital signal delay and • Real-Time ZERO-Suppression. • High capacity First In First Out Memory. • Easy to use with high density connector. (cosmic muon)

  26. Trace Radio-purity with AMS • Based at AMS facilities @CIAE with 13 MV Tandem • Potential Merits:  small samples, quick •  versatile on sample choice •  sensitive to a/b emitters •  sensitive to stable isotope & extrapolate (e.g. 39K) •  >103 improvements over ICP-MS • [.. once prescriptions are known. ] • Status :  demonstrate 129I/127I < 10-12 g/g  measure 40K~10-10 g/g in CsI (powder) Sensitivity goal : 10-14 g/g • Future :  different bases e.g. liquid scintillator 87Rb …… [238U / 232Th series after Tandem upgrade]

  27. Sonoluminescence Project • a frontier subject with possible surprises • new directions : to explore subjects we do not know • Table-top experiments, pursue-able in several labs  balance the other big & long time-scale projects  use HEP approaches • Status :  produce steady SL  integrate DAQ  study physics  identify research topics …….. SL Typical Cycle SL Typical Set-Up

  28. SonoLum Pulse

  29. Also ………. • Geographically possible for medium baseline experiment for “q13” : • Easy reach from city • Access to Plant established • Road tunnel at 2 km • 100 m rock overburden Contacts with International Team • IHEP’s q13 Proposal at Daya Bay near Hong Kong (Li Jin’s talk)

  30. TEXONO STATUS • TEXONO Collaboration:  Built-Up and Growing • Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Lab.: Established & Operational ※Modular & Flexible Design Physics Data Taking since June 01 ※ Unique HPGe Low Energy Data ※Bkg Level ~ Underground CDM Expt. • Results published on mn (Gn) Other analyses under way • Period-II DAQ Improved HPGe Conf. 186 kg CsI(Tl) [s(ne) …] LEGe:study potentials for scoh(nN) • Diversified R&D Program in parallel

  31. Summary & Outlook • Neutrinos are importantbutstrange objects history of n physics full of surprises ! • Strong evidenceSof massive n’s & finite mixings Physics Beyond the Standard Model ! • More experiments & projects coming up EVEN MORE EXCITEMENT ! • TEXONO is also a (modest) part of it Tremendous Pleasure & Pressure !

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