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Making Conservation Work for You. Chris Brown Chris Brown Consulting for Office of Rural Community Affairs December 2, 2003. Topics. Demand Profile and Programmatic Decisions Price Conservation = $avings. Conservation. Results from Behavior Efficient Equipment
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Making Conservation Work for You Chris Brown Chris Brown Consulting for Office of Rural Community Affairs December 2, 2003
Topics • Demand Profile and Programmatic Decisions • Price • Conservation = $avings
Conservation • Results from • Behavior • Efficient Equipment • Utility and customer cooperation
Public • Support is essential • Expects leadership from utility • Can be an ally or a partner • Can drive new program development
Conservation Goals • Percent reduction • Per Capita reduction • Cost/Benefit
Demand Profile • Lost or un-metered water • Customer classes • Summertime peaking • Growth projections
Connections by Customer Class SAWS 1995
Water Consumption by Customer Class SAWS 1995
y = 532.97x + 56266 2 R = 0.5428 y = 5032.3x + 260111 2 R = 0.9869 Annual Pumping versus GrowthSan Antonio Water System 60,000.00 295000 290000 59,000.00 285000 58,000.00 280000 275000 Million Gallons per Year Connections 57,000.00 270000 56,000.00 265000 260000 55,000.00 255000 54,000.00 250000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 SAWS Year
Historical Water UseAll EPWU Customers GPCD New goal for 2010: 140 GPCD Excess rate structure & Water Conservation Ordinance adopted 160 GPCD was the goal set for 2000 back in 1990 2000 goal was achieved, use by 2001 was 155 GPCD 155
The Basics • Water Accountability Program • Metering • System Audit and Leak Detection • Conservation Pricing • Increasing Block Rates • Irrigation Rates
Price • Cost/Benefit • Avoided costs • Rates: • Best motivator for outdoor and discretionary water use • Inverted blocks or drought surcharges • Water budgets
ResidentialAnnual Bills Vs. Usage Percent Blocks
Drought Surcharges • Significant percentage increase • Only top or excess users • Automatic • They Work!
Residential Rate per 100 Gallons (with Surcharge) 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 $ Surcharge 0.30 Rate 0.20 0.10 0 0 - 7481 0 - 7481 7482 - 12717 7482 - 12717 12717 - 17205 12717 - 17205 17206 + 17206 + Gallons
I c s a n per Month G P C D v s R a i n f a l l 2 3 0 2 2 0 2 1 0 2 0 0 1 9 0 D C 1 8 0 P G 1 7 0 1 6 0 1 5 0 Aug/Sep ‘96 1 4 0 1 3 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 n h e o f R i
Drought Surcharge Results • Rainfall and Critical Period Management most significant • Best fit: 154 gpcd • Actual: 136 gpcd • 271 to 573 million gallons additional conservation above predicted amount.
Best Management Practices (EAA) Core Municipal • System Audits, Leak Detection and Repair • Public Information • School Education • Conservation Pricing • Metering • Water Waste Prohibition • Conservation Coordinator
Initiatives with Retail Customers • Public Education and Information Programs • Learning to be Water Wise • Project Wet • Large Landscape Conservation Programs • Water Survey Programs For Residential Customers
Costs Of Water Saved And Acre Feet SavedConservation Programs
Conclusion • Utility & public cooperation essential • Understanding demand = success • Conservation is a benefit • BMPs help with planning and management of programs
Chris Brown Consulting Water Resources & Conservation Planning 5108 Broadway, Ste. 231 San Antonio, TX 78209 Ph: (210) 822-3500 Fax: (210) 822-3366 Email: CBx3@aol.com