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COS 397 Computer Graphics Practical Session 1

COS 397 Computer Graphics Practical Session 1. Solutions. Task 3:. #include <GL/ glfw.h > int main() { int width, height; bool running = true; // // GLFW initialization // glfwInit (); // // Graphical Window opening and initialization //

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COS 397 Computer Graphics Practical Session 1

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  1. COS 397 Computer Graphics Practical Session 1 Solutions

  2. Task 3: • #include <GL/glfw.h> • int main() • { • int width, height; • bool running = true; • // • // GLFW initialization • // • glfwInit(); • // • // Graphical Window opening and initialization • // • if( !glfwOpenWindow( 512, 512, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GLFW_WINDOW ) ) • { • glfwTerminate(); • return 0; • }

  3. Task 3 (cont) • glfwSetWindowTitle("GLFW Application"); • glfwGetWindowSize( &width, &height ); • height = height > 0 ? height : 1; • glViewport( 0, 0, width, height ); • glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); • // // Projection Type Setting • // • glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ); • glLoadIdentity(); • gluPerspective( 65.0f, (GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height, 1.0f, 100.0f ); • // • // View Point Setting • // • glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW ); • glLoadIdentity(); • gluLookAt(0.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f, • 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, • 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f );

  4. Task 3 (cont) • // Main loop for frame by frame Animation generation • while(running) • { • // Buffer cleaning • glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); • // Drawing a frame in the hidden buffer • glRotatef(1, 0.25f, 1.0f, 0.75f); • glBegin( GL_TRIANGLES ); • glColor3f(0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); • glVertex3f(0.0f, 3.0f, -4.0f); • glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f ); • glVertex3f(3.0f, -2.0f, -4.0f); • glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); • glVertex3f(-3.0f, -2.0f, -4.0f); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_TRIANGLES ); • glColor3f(0.0f, 0.1f, 0.0f ); • glVertex3f(0.0f, 3.0f, -3.0f); • glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); • glVertex3f(3.0f, -2.0f, -2.0f); • glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); • glVertex3f(-3.0f, -2.0f, 2.0f); • glEnd(); • // Swapping the hidden buffer with the visible one • glfwSwapBuffers(); • // exit if ESC was pressed or window was closed • running = !glfwGetKey(GLFW_KEY_ESC) && glfwGetWindowParam( GLFW_OPENED); • }

  5. Task 3 (cont) • // • // Termination • // • glfwTerminate(); • return 0; • }

  6. Task 4 • bool running() • { • return( !glfwGetKey(GLFW_KEY_ESC) && • glfwGetWindowParam( GLFW_OPENED) ); • }

  7. Task 4 (cont) • void init() • { • int width, height; • glfwInit(); • if( !glfwOpenWindow( 640, 480, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GLFW_WINDOW ) ) return; • glfwGetWindowSize( &width, &height ); • height = height > 0 ? height : 1; • glViewport( 0, 0, width, height ); • glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); • glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ); • glLoadIdentity(); • gluPerspective( 65.0f, (GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height, 1.0f, 100.0f ); • glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW ); • glLoadIdentity(); • gluLookAt(0.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f, • 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, • 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); • }

  8. Task 4 (cont) • void finit() • { • glfwTerminate(); • }

  9. Task 6 • glBegin( GL_POINTS ); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • glEnd();

  10. Task 7 • glBegin( GL_LINES ); • // Four vertical segments • glColor3f(1,0,0); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • // Four horizontal segments at the bottom • glColor3f(0,1,0); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • // Four horizontal segments on the top • glColor3f(0,0,1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glEnd();

  11. Task 7 v2 • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINES ); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, -1); • glVertex3f(-1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(-1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, +1); • glVertex3f(+1, -1, -1); • glVertex3f(+1, +1, -1); • glEnd();

  12. Task 8 • void drawCube (float a) • { • a = a/2; • // because the center is (0,0,0) • // half of the size is on the left hand side and the other half is on the right hand side • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(-a, -a, -a); • glVertex3f(-a, -a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, -a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, -a, -a); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(-a, +a, -a); • glVertex3f(-a, +a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, +a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, +a, -a); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINES ); • glVertex3f(-a, -a, -a); • glVertex3f(-a, +a, -a); • glVertex3f(-a, -a, +a); • glVertex3f(-a, +a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, -a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, +a, +a); • glVertex3f(+a, -a, -a); • glVertex3f(+a, +a, -a); • glEnd(); • }

  13. Task 8 (cont) • #include <ctime> • #include <cstdlib> • ……. • intmain() • { srand(unsigned(time(0))); • init(); • while( running() ) • { • glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); • glRotatef( 0.1, 0.4, -0.2, 0.7); • drawCube(2.0+(rand() % 600)/100.0); • glfwSwapBuffers(); • } • finit(); • return 0; • }

  14. Task 9 • int main() • { • init(); • while( running() ) • { • glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); • glRotatef( 0.1, 0.4, -0.2, 0.7); • for( inti=1; i<11; i++) drawCube(i); • glfwSwapBuffers(); • } • finit(); • return 0; • }

  15. Task 10 • void drawCube (float x,floaty,floatz,float a) • { • a = a/2; • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(x-a, y-a, z-a); • glVertex3f(x-a, y-a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y-a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y-a, z-a); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINE_LOOP ); • glVertex3f(x-a, y+a, z-a); • glVertex3f(x-a, y+a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y+a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y+a, z-a); • glEnd(); • glBegin( GL_LINES ); • glVertex3f(x-a, y-a, z-a); • glVertex3f(x-a, y+a, z-a); • glVertex3f(x-a, y-a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x-a, y+a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y-a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y+a, z+a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y-a, z-a); • glVertex3f(x+a, y+a, z-a); • glEnd(); • }

  16. Task 10 (cont) • int main() • { • init(); • while( running() ) • { • glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); • glRotatef( 0.1, 0.4, -0.2, 0.7); • drawCube(-3.2,0,0,3); • drawCube( 0.0,0,0,3); • drawCube(+3.2,0,0,3); • glfwSwapBuffers(); • } • finit(); • return 0; • }

  17. Task 10 v2 (cont) • int main() • { • init(); • while( running() ) • { • glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); • glRotatef( 0.1, 0.4, -0.2, 0.7); • float a=3.0; // Central cube size • float d=0.0; // Distance from its center to (0,0,0) • float k=0.6; // Step for small cubes size decrement • drawCube(0,0,0,a); • for( inti=0; i<10; i++ ) • { • d = d+(k+1)*a/2.0; • a = a*k; • drawCube(+d,0,0,a); • drawCube(-d,0,0,a); • drawCube(0,+d,0,a); • drawCube(0,-d,0,a); • drawCube(0,0,+d,a); • drawCube(0,0,-d,a); • } • glfwSwapBuffers(); • } • finit(); • return 0; • }

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