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The Illustration/Example Essay. Language. Movers and Shapers . What is their Secret? They are COMMUNICATORS. They know how to say “it” They know HOW to communicate They know how to get interest They know how to speak so People will listen People will believe People will act. HOW?.
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The Illustration/Example Essay Language
What is their Secret?They are COMMUNICATORS • They know how to say “it” • They know HOW to communicate • They know how to get interest • They know how to speak so • People will listen • People will believe • People will act
HOW? • They use language • To Inspire • To Persuade • To Delight • To Teach • How do YOU use language? • What kinds of “language” do you use on a daily/weekly basis?
THIS WEEK...We will • Examine how they/we use language • Study their use (and OUR use) • Words • Language • Jargon • Slang • Appeals • To get their /our point across • To include others • To exclude others
Every communication is essentially a trilateral relationship. Each point of the triangleinfluences the others, and all are influenced by the context of the communication. Each point of the triangle bears some responsibility for the success of the communication, and each point of the triangle corresponds with one of Aristotle's three appeals (general means of persuasion). The Rhetorical Triangle
The Three Means of Persuasion • Logos = the logical appeal, an appeal to the audience's reason based on such techniques as examples, inductive and deductive reasoning, definition of terms, critique of the opponent's logic, etc. • Ethos = the ethical appeal, an appeal based on the character, persona, and/or position of the speaker. • Pathos = the emotional appeal, based on evoking particular emotions such as fear, envy, patriotism, lust, etc.
Three Points of the Triangle • Author • Message • Audience
The Example Essay:Movers and Shapers:Language • Definition: • Example is a specific event, person, or detail of an idea cited and/or developed to support or illustrate a thesis or topic.
We use examples to • Bring general and abstract statements down to earth so that • Readers will be interested • Readers will understand your ideas, points • Make the • General specific • Abstract concrete
Understanding Illustration • An example or illustration represents • A general group • Movers and Shapers • Carter • Martin Luther King • Elie Wiesel • An abstract concept or quality • Language • Jargon • Slang • Formal/Informal
TOPIC for Example Essay • 1. YOUR Language • How does your language differ with these audiences/groups? Several groups….Different “languages” • Family • Friends • School • Church • Other Activities, Hobbies, Etc.
TOPIC for Example Essay • 2. How do you use these appeals with your family/friends/church, etc.? • Logos • Pathos • Ethos
Language TOPICS 3-4 3. Chronology: “Languages” you use in a regular day… 4. One REALLY important Group and that “Language” that you share….
GETTING STARTED • Keep readers in mind… • What do they already know about your language? • What do they need to know in order to accept your thesis?
Make lists Write Letters Answer questions to get started: What Who When Where How Why Brainstorm ideas
OUTLINING –IMPORTANT!! • Introduction • Anecdote/first example (see Klass) • Thesis—Topic and significance • Body Paragraphs—categories of movers & shapers • Topic sentence that includes key ideas from the thesis • Examples—Needed to prove/illustrate thesis • Summary sentence– Ends this category • Conclusion • Return to anecdote to summarize • Restate thesis if necessary
How many examples? • Depends on subject, purpose, audience…. • A single extended example • Several paragraphs • Several pages • Multiple examples • Few • Dozens
Or maybe both…. • Sometimes a general or abstract statement benefits from both • An extended example • Several briefer examples • For example: “A mental hospital is no place for the mentally ill.” • Develop half with one patient’s experience • Develop half with brief summaries of others’ experiences
Developing an Illustration • Begin by developing a thesis: It is a generalization based on what you know about your language, your jargon, based on your • Activities • School • Family • Friends
ORGANIZING • Introduction: Engages, gets attention, gives context to relate to…. • Begin with a brief anecdote describing a specific situation of language use—Humorous? Serious?
The BODY: Example Essay • While writing the body of the essay • Remember: • Examples must be • Specific OR • Plentiful enough to illustrate your thesis
ORGANIZING • Body: • Single example • OR…. • Multiple examples
ORGANIZING:How many examples? • Limited to 4 or 5: • Arrange in order of increasing • Importance • Interest • Complexity • Strongest, most humorous, most detailed provides a dramatic finish
Organizing:How many examples? • Ten or more examples? • Categorize or organize or classify • Find likenesses • Organize into order of importance/emphasis • This organization will allow you to discuss the examples in groups; for example: • Your language/jargon • Family • Friends • Other
DRAFTING • If you used many examples, briefly summarize each in your essay • If you used few, longer examples, describe each one in detail • If you used a single example • NARRATE • BE SPECIFIC • EDIT FOR GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION! • Commas, fragments, comma splices, shifts to “you,” verb forms
ORGANIZING • Conclusion • Come back to anecdote from your introduction and finish the story…. • Elaborate on YOUR THESIS!