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GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY (A Venture of Gopalan Foundation)

GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY (A Venture of Gopalan Foundation) #92/9, 3rd Floor , 80 Feet Road, 8th Block Kathriguppe. 3rd Phase, Banashankari 3rd stage, Bengaluru - 560 085, INDIA. FIRST AID RESPONSE. Dr. Rudresh Naik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M. Principles of first aid.

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GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY (A Venture of Gopalan Foundation)

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  1. GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY (A Venture of Gopalan Foundation) #92/9, 3rd Floor , 80 Feet Road, 8th Block Kathriguppe. 3rd Phase, Banashankari 3rd stage, Bengaluru - 560 085, INDIA. FIRST AID RESPONSE Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  2. Principles of first aid • Preserve life: • Airway • Breathing • Circulation • Prevent deterioration: • Stop bleeding • Treat shock • Treat other injuries • Promote recovery: • Reassure • Relieve pain • Handle with care • Protect from harm Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  3. Action in an emergency • Assess dangers • Make safe • Give emergency aid • Get help • Clear up • Look after yourself Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  4. The first person at the scene of an incident should: • Danger • Response • Airway • Breathing • Circulation • Make the area safe • Reassure the casualty and bystanders • Use bystanders to help • Priorities and respond to the immediate needs of the casualty • Send for help Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  5. As soon as possible: • Inform next of kin, if possible • Complete reports to include: • Details of the incident • Location of the incident • Date and time of the incident • Who was involved • What was done • Who was notified Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  6. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M • Infection control • If possible, wear disposable gloves, improvise with polythene bags or consider whether the casualty can help, eg apply pressure to bleeding. • Remember: • Wash your hands carefully afterwards. • Clean surfaces with bleach diluted 1:10 with water. • If possible, keep any minor wounds covered with a plaster. • Buy and use a resuscitation face shield. • Dispose of soiled items appropriately.

  7. Recovery position Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  8. Levels of consciousness • A – Alert – will talk but maybe drowsy. • V – Responds to Voice – responds to simple commands, eg ‘open your eyes’, or may respond to simple questions. • P – Responds to Pain – will react (eg make a noise) to a pinch on the back of the hand. • U – Unresponsive – there is no response at all. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  9. Causes of unconsciousness: • Asphyxia/hypoxia/ near drowning • Fainting • Imbalance of heat • Asthma • Shock • Anaphylaxis • Heart attack/ angina pectoris • Poisoning • Seizures • Stroke • Diabetic emergencies • Head injuries Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  10. Emergency life supportfor adults and children • Primary survey • Check for danger. • 1 Check for response. Speak loudly and clearly to the casualty. Ask questions like ‘are you all right?’. • If there is no response, shout for help. Do not leave the casualty.

  11. Emergency life supportfor adults and children 2 Open the airway. 3 Check for normal breathing. Look, listen and feel.

  12. Emergency life supportfor adults and children 4 If breathing normally, place in the recovery position. CALL THE EMERGENCY SERVICES Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  13. Emergency life supportfor adults and children • For children • It can be more beneficial to give five initial breaths followed by cycles of 30:2 compressions and breaths. One-handed compressions may be more suitable. • Basic life support • Carry out a primary survey: • Danger • Response • Airway • Breathing • Circulation • CALL THE EMERGENCY SERVICES Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  14. Emergency life supportfor adults and children 1 If not breathing normally, start CPR with 30 chest compressions. 2 Open the airway.

  15. Emergency life supportfor adults and children • Continue with 30 compressions and two rescue breaths until: • 3 Give two rescue breaths. • Qualified help arrives to take over. • The casualty starts to breathe normally. • You become too exhausted to continue.

  16. Chain of survival Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  17. Shock: causes • Fluid loss – bleeding, burns, severe diarrhoea or vomiting • Cardiac problems – heart attack, electrocution • Anaphylaxis – severe allergic reaction to stings, types of food, environmental features, poisons Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  18. Shock: signs and symptoms • Pale, cold, clammy skin • Weak, dizzy, light-headed • Nausea or vomiting • Thirsty • Yawning • Anxiety or irrational behaviour • Rapid, weak pulse • Rapid, shallow breathing • Dropping level of consciousness Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  19. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M • Shock: treatment • Treat the cause and prevent the condition getting worse by: • Correct positioning of the casualty • Reassurance • Keeping the casualty fairly warm • Monitoring breathing if necessary • Do not give anything to eat or drink

  20. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M • Bleeding • Direct pressure • Elevate • Dress

  21. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M Slings Elevation sling

  22. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M Slings Arm sling

  23. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M Choking

  24. Heart attack position

  25. Fractures

  26. Nose bleeds

  27. Duty of care for other people’s children Whilst first aiders would not normally give medication, youth leaders working with other people’s children have a duty of care equivalent to that of a ‘responsible parent’ They are often required to look after or carry medicines for young children and sometimes need to administer them Leaders should always seek parental permission before doing so Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

  28. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M • First aid kits • A guide to the contents of a kit: • 1 pair of disposable non-latex protective gloves • 20 individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings • 2 sterile eye pads • 4 individually wrapped triangular bandages, preferably sterile • 6 safety pins • 6 medium-sized (approximately 12cm x 12cm) individually wrapped sterile unmedicated wound dressings

  29. Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M • First aid kits • Guidance leaflet (a leaflet supplied with the kit or that you make yourself which includes brief instructions on emergency treatment) • You may like to include: • Resuscitation shield • Scissors • Extra gloves • Adhesive tape • Steripods • Individually wrapped moist cleaning wipes for the first aider’s hands

  30. GOPALAN SKILL ACADEMY SAFETY FIRST IS SAFETY ALWAYS Dr. RudreshNaik .M.R M.B.B.S Fr. Dilip Kumar .M

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