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How Biotechnology came about

How Biotechnology came about. The cell and DNA. Objectives:. Describe Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. Describe the location and shape of DNA in these two types of cells. Describe a phage (a kind of virus). Describe the Hershey-Chase experiment

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How Biotechnology came about

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  1. How Biotechnology came about The cell and DNA

  2. Objectives: • Describe Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. • Describe the location and shape of DNA in these two types of cells. • Describe a phage (a kind of virus). • Describe the Hershey-Chase experiment • Describe the Four Nucleotides that make up DNA • Describe the structure of a DNA molecule.

  3. Types of Cells Two General types of cells: • Prokaryotic cell – Bacterial • Eukaryotic cell – All other organisms (plant, fungi, protista and animals)

  4. The Bacterium • Prokaryotic = before the kernel (nucleus)

  5. Note the lack of a nucleus and circular strands of DNA – plasmids.

  6. Plasmids – circles of DNA

  7. Example of a Eukaryotic Cell • Eukaryote = True kernel (nucleus) • Large number of internal structures. • DNA is contained within a nucleus

  8. Viral Particles • Not cellular. • Composed of Protein • And Genetic Material only (DNA or RNA).

  9. The Hershey-Chase Experiment

  10. Structure of DNA • DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a Nucleic Acid, it consist of long chains of chemical units called Nucleotides Nucleotides has three parts: 1) Phosphate 2) Sugar 3) Base

  11. The Four Nucleotides • Two Pyrimidines: • Thymine (T) • Cytosine (C) • Two Purines: • Adenine (A) • Guanine (B)

  12. How do Nucleotides combine to form a strand of DNA? • Phosphate and Sugar groups bond. • A bonds with T • C bonds with G

  13. Visioning the DNA Molecule

  14. Another View

  15. Activity: • Examine prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells using the light microscope and models. • Create a DNA molecule. • Examine DNA molecule.

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