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German & Italian Unification

German & Italian Unification. By : Steve Dunbar Date: 1/30/12 AP World History. The feeling of loyalty and devotion to a nation Could be a cause of war Powerful force during 19 th & 20 th century Could create one nation from separate nations

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German & Italian Unification

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  1. German & Italian Unification By : Steve Dunbar Date: 1/30/12 AP World History

  2. The feeling of loyalty and devotion to a nation • Could be a cause of war • Powerful force during 19th & 20th century • Could create one nation from separate nations • Could break up a nation into separate countries Nationalism

  3. Obstacles to Italian unification • Italy was a nation divided • It was made up of 9 states - Lombardy & Ventia - Papal states(ones the pope ruled) - Piedmont-Sardinia(biggest one) - Other states were ruled by Austria • Most Italians were illiterate • Geography

  4. Obstacles(continued) • The Pope was feeling some type of way • No unanimous decisions • No European support

  5. How was Italy get unified? • Efforts of Mazzini, Cavour & Garabaldi • Type of Geography

  6. Count Cavour • Count Camillo di Cavour - Organized Piedmont-Sardinia’s revolt against Austria - political style was more politics and less military -Made a newspaper called II Risorgimento in 1847 - Became Prime Minister of Sardinia in 1852

  7. Cavour • Wanted Austria not to have control over Italy • Also wanted to unite the peninsula • So he joined Napoleon in a military coalition • In 1859, piedmont & French armies went to war

  8. Giuseppe Mazzini • Member of Carbonari • He formed Young Italy • Tried revolution but failed

  9. Garabaldi • Had a rough life at first • Organized Risorgimento • 1860-1861 conquered Naples & Sicily -gave to Victor Emmanuel -so he could go home & chill!

  10. Unified Italy • United Italy was established in 1861 • But it was missing Venice & Rome • Venice was added in 1866 after Seven weeks war • Franco-Prussian War

  11. German Unification • Before the French Revolution, over 300 German States • Congress of Vienna • States were very divided

  12. Obstacles to German Unification • France preferred 39 weak states to one unified nation • Prussia was a more powerful than Austria

  13. Supporting Unification • Heinrich von Treitschke, Goethe & Schiller • Zollverein • Confederation of the Rhine

  14. The Big Dog: Otto Von Bismarck • The whole reason for German Unification • Leader of Prussia • Conservative views

  15. German Unification • Couldn’t persuade Parliament but had a plan • Joined Austria to attack Denmark • Prussia controls Schleswig & Holstein

  16. German Unification • Austria declares war on Prussia in 1866 • Louis Napoleon convinces two leaders • Ems Dispatch & the rewording

  17. Bismarck’s Plan pays off • French feel insulted by the Prussians • France declares war • William I is Emperor

  18. Similarities • Before unified, many different states • One powerful Nation that favored unification -Sardinia in Italy, Prussia in Germany • Many secret socities • Successful wars against foreign powers - Sardinia vs Austria , Prussia vs. France and Austria

  19. Differences • Germany was more divided than Italy • Italian unification supported by France somewhat & Great Britain • German Unification supported by France & Great Britain

  20. Works cited • http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080307092933AAXEHlc • http://www.arcaini.com/ITALY/ItalyHistory/ItalianUnification.htm • http://www.age-of-the-sage.org/history/italian_unification_risorgimento_map.html • http://purbeckhumanities.co.uk/2010/11/17/german-unification-timeline/ • http://purbeckhumanities.co.uk/2010/11/15/italian-unification-timeline/

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