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Memory for General Knowledge and Concepts and Categorization

Memory for General Knowledge and Concepts and Categorization. Semantic vs. Episodic Memory. Episodic Memory: Memories for specific events that you yourself were involved in Semantic Memory: General knowledge base. Memory for General Knowledge. Definitions of words Verb tenses

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Memory for General Knowledge and Concepts and Categorization

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  1. Memory for General Knowledge andConcepts and Categorization

  2. Semantic vs. Episodic Memory • Episodic Memory: • Memories for specific events that you yourself were involved in • Semantic Memory: • General knowledge base

  3. Memory for General Knowledge • Definitions of words • Verb tenses • Arithmetic facts • Historical facts • Scientific facts • Geography facts

  4. The Semantic Memory Models • Hierarchical Semantic Network Model • Cognitive economy Breathes air Mammal Live young pointers Dog Four paws Node Tail Bernese Mountain Dog Black, white, rust fur Exuberant

  5. The Semantic Memory Models • Hierarchical Semantic Network Model • Problems with model • Hierarchy? Animal Mammal “A pig is a mammal.” “A pig is an animal.” Pig

  6. Bird Robin Turkey The Semantic Memory Models • Hierarchical Semantic Network Model • Problems with model • Typicality effect “A robin is a bird.” “A turkey is a bird.”

  7. The Semantic Memory Models • Feature Comparison Model • Features • Defining • Characteristic

  8. The Semantic Memory Models • Other Network Models Depiction of spreading activation. Once the node for “bread” is excited, the activation travels to related nodes.

  9. The ACT model (Adaptive Control of Thought) The Semantic Memory Models • Other Network Models

  10. The ACT modelproduction rules: - goal - one or more conditions - one or more actions to take The Semantic Memory Models • Other Network Models

  11. The Semantic Memory Models • Connectionists Model

  12. Schemata • Scripts

  13. Implicit vs. Explicit Memory • Process Dissociation Framework

  14. Why do we need to know about categories such as “cars,” “people,” “mountains,” and “birds” in order to make sense of our experiences? • Do people in different cultures categorize objects in the same way?

  15. Theoretical Descriptions of Concepts • Classical View

  16. Theoretical Descriptions of Concepts • Prototype View

  17. Theoretical Descriptions of Concepts • Exemplar View

  18. Theoretical Descriptions of Concepts • Schemata View

  19. Theoretical Descriptions of Concepts • Knowledge-Based View

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