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Describing Acids an d bases

Describing Acids an d bases. Properties of acids. Acids are compounds whose characteristic properties include the kinds of reactions they undergo. Properties: a. tastes sour b. reacts with metals and carbonates c. turns blue litmus paper red.

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Describing Acids an d bases

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  1. Describing Acids and bases

  2. Properties of acids • Acids are compounds whose characteristic properties include the kinds of reactions they undergo. • Properties: • a. tastes sour • b. reacts with metals and carbonates • c. turns blue litmus paper red. • Common acids are hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, and acetic acid.

  3. Sour Taste • Example: tasting a lemon. • Citrus foods like grapefruits and oranges are acidic. • Although sour taste is a characteristic of acids, scientists never taste chemicals in order to identify them.

  4. Reactions with metals • Acids react with certain metals (magnesium, zinc, iron) to produce hydrogen gas. • This reaction is why acids are described as corrosive. • Corrosive: The way in which acids react with some metals so as to eat away the metal. • Acids are used in a process called etching, Hydrochloric acid eats away metal to form designs.

  5. Reactions with Carbonates • One product of an acid’s reaction with carbonates is the gas carbon dioxide. • Geologists use this property to identify rocks containing limestone.

  6. Reactions with indicators • Indicator: a compound that changes color when in contact with an acid or a base. • Vinegar, lemon juice, and other acids turn blue litmus paper red.

  7. Properties of Bases • Base-Another group of compounds that can be identified by their common properties • a. Tastes bitter • b. Feels slippery • c. Turns red litmus paper blue • Opposite of acids • Common Bases are sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and ammonia.

  8. Bitter Taste • Although bases are bitter, you wouldn’t want to identify them by doing a taste test. • An example of a base is soap.

  9. Slippery feel • A slippery feeling is another characteristic of bases. • Just as you avoid tasting a substance to identify it, you wouldn’t want to touch it. • Strong bases can irritate or burn your skin.

  10. Reactions with indicators • Litmus paper is a safe, reliable test for acids and bases. • Bases turn red litmus paper blue. • An easy way to remember which color litmus turns for acids or bases is to remember the letter b. Bases turn litmus paper blue.

  11. Other Reactions of bases • Unlike acids, bases don’t react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide. • Another important property of bases is how they react with acids.

  12. Uses of acids and bases • Manufacturers, farmers, and builders are only some of the people who depend on acids and bases in their work. • Acids are used: • a. in food • b. to clean brick and metals • c. to treat iron and steel • d. to make fertilizers • Bases are used: • a. To make household cleaning products • b. to produce carbon dioxide in baked goods • c. to make mortar and cement.

  13. By, Eddie borodic Brianna Lubrano Emily Mugno Christina Noll

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