1 / 19

VERTEBRATES

VERTEBRATES. What is a “vertebrate?”. Animal that has a backbone, or a vertebral column All are part of the Chordate Phylum Nerve Cord (hollow tube) Notocord (flexible rod) Gill Slits (used for breathing) Post-anal Tail. Other characteristics.

yosef
Download Presentation

VERTEBRATES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. VERTEBRATES

  2. What is a “vertebrate?” • Animal that has a backbone, or a vertebral column • All are part of the Chordate Phylum • Nerve Cord (hollow tube) • Notocord (flexible rod) • Gill Slits (used for breathing) • Post-anal Tail

  3. Other characteristics • Cold-blooded (ectotherms) rely on environment for heat • Warm-blooded (endotherms) maintain own body temperature

  4. Characteristics cont’d • Open Circulatory System blood not always in vessels • Closed Circulatory System blood always contained in vessels All Vertebrates

  5. FISH: Characteristics • Water-dwelling vertebrates • Scales, fins, gills

  6. FISH: Examples • Jawless- • No jaws, scales, paired fins; cartilage only • Ex. Lamprey • Cartilagenous- • Cartilage only, toothlike scales • Ex. Sharks, Rays • Bony- • Bones, scales, swim bladders • Ex. Flounder, Bass, Perch

  7. FISH: Systems • Digestive/Excretory: • Developed system: stomach, intestines, etc. • Nervous: • Keen senses: sight, smell, and taste • Circulatory: • Closed Circ. Sys. • Reproductive: • External Fertilization • Internal Fertilization • Respiratory: • Gills take oxygen from water

  8. Amphibians: Characteristics • Breathe with gills when immature • Breathe with lungs and skin when mature • Skin has many glands • Lack scales and claws • Undergo metamorphosis • Dramatic changes in body form

  9. Amphibians: Examples • Frogs • Toads • Newts, Salamanders

  10. Amphibians: Systems • Digestive/Excretory: • Developed: stomach, intestines, etc. • Nervous: • Developed: large eyesgreat sight • Circulatory: • Closed Circ. System • Reproductive: • External Fertilization • Internal Fertilization (lay fert. eggs) • Respiratory: -Gills when immature, lungs and skin when mature (skin must stay moist to function)

  11. Reptiles: Characteristics • Vertebrates with lungs • Scaly skin • Amniotic eggs (leathery) • Cold-blooded

  12. Reptiles: Examples • Lizards: alligators, iguanas, dinosaurs • Turtles • Snakes

  13. Reptiles: Systems • Digestive/Excretory: • Interesting adaptations for eating; developed system • Nervous: • Developed brains; good senses • Circulatory: • Closed Circulatory System • Reproductive: • Internal Fertilization: most lay leathery eggs • Some give live birth from eggs “hatched” inside • Respiratory: • Use Lungs

  14. Birds: Examples • Hawks, eagles • Robins, wrens • Hummingbirds • Penguins, ostriches

  15. Birds: Characteristics • Warm-blooded • Amniotic Eggs (shells) • Feathers (made of same substance as reptile scales)

  16. Birds: Systems • Digestive/Excretory: • Big eaters, beak shaped for food source, developed system • Nervous: • Keen senses: Eyesight, hearing • Circulatory: • Closed Circ. Sys. • Reproductive: • Internal fertilization; lay eggs with hard shells • Respiratory: • Air sacs in addition to lungs allow for continuous air flow

  17. Mammals: Characteristics • Warm-blooded vertebrates • Hair or fur • Feed young with milk from mammary glands • Many groups of mammals- • Insect-eating, Water-dwelling, Hoofed, Gnawing, etc.

  18. Mammals: Examples • Egg-laying mammals (monotremes): • Lay eggs • Ex. Duck-billed platypus • Pouched mammals (marsupials): • Give birth to under-developed young, develop in the pouch of the mother • Ex. Kangaroo, koalas, possum • Placental mammals: • Give birth to young that have developed in the mother’s body • Ex. Humans, Dogs, Mice

  19. Mammals- Systems • Digestive/Excretory: • Digestive tract with accessory organs (liver, pancreas, etc.) • Kidneys for excretion • Nervous: • Developed brain and senses • Circulatory: • Closed Circ. System • Reproductive: • Internal fertilization • Eggs, Pouches, Placentas • Respiratory: • Lungs

More Related