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MINING EFFLUENT VALORISATION: HOW A PROBLEM BECOMES A VALUE RESOURCE Estanislao Martínez Martínez CEO AGQ Labs & T

MINING EFFLUENT VALORISATION: HOW A PROBLEM BECOMES A VALUE RESOURCE Estanislao Martínez Martínez CEO AGQ Labs & Technological Services Manuel José García Gómez CEO AGQ Mining & Bioenergy. MINING Geological Exploration, Mining and Metallurgy Analytical Characterization

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MINING EFFLUENT VALORISATION: HOW A PROBLEM BECOMES A VALUE RESOURCE Estanislao Martínez Martínez CEO AGQ Labs & T

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  1. MINING EFFLUENT VALORISATION: HOW A PROBLEM BECOMES A VALUE RESOURCE • Estanislao Martínez Martínez • CEO AGQ Labs & TechnologicalServices • Manuel José García Gómez • CEO AGQ Mining & Bioenergy

  2. MINING Geological Exploration, Mining and Metallurgy Analytical Characterization Metallurgical Tests Assays Environmental Solutions: feasibility, diagnosis, monitoring and rehabilitation studies BIOENERGY Biomass production, with an environmental or energetic purposes, employing effluents and/or contaminated lands. Based on a great knowledge of agronomic process and by application of advance techniques for water and soils treatment, an environmental concern can be solved and also goods production achieve. It can be a biomass fuel production, or a landscaping or an environmental

  3. HUELVA RIOTINTO MINING AREA BETWEEN RIVERS TINTO AND ODIEL

  4. Differents Civilizations involved in Mining Operations since ancients times Tarthessus original habitants Phoenicians Romans Visigothic Moorish British / French Spanish Cu and Ag Pyrite (sulphuric acid) Pyrite, Cu, Au,… A HUGE LANSCAPE ALTERATION

  5. ORIGIN OF THE PROBLEM ACID MINE DRAINAGES LIQUIDS WASTE AND EFFLUENTS OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES NATURAL ORIGN (RiverTinto)

  6. Typical River Odiel and River Tinto quality comparison, in the proximity abandoned of mining operations and in the coordinates given

  7. FROM ACID WATERS TO REAL FERTILIZER SOLUTIONS ACID MINE DRAINAGE Neutralization with alkaline hydroxides Separation of colloids and precipitates Acidification to pH=6.5 CHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT FERTILIZATION TREATMENT Ammonium salts Potassium salts REAL FERTILIZER SOLUTION

  8. Treated acid mine waters

  9. TESTING SITE The research area was located in Burguillos (Sevilla, SW Spain), 37º35´41”N 5º58´55”W. Soils are very calcareous, alkalines (pH: 8 - 8.4), with low organic matter content (<1.5%).

  10. The research plot area was of 1 Ha with a planting density of 3330 plants for Ha. Each line was equipped with a series of irrigation emitters with a designed flow of 1.6 L/h and spaced 1 m apart (Total irrigation flow of 10.6 m3/h/ Ha). Eucalyptus globulusand Eucalyptus camaldulensis

  11. TECHNIFIED CROPS WITH AN AGRONOMIC CONTROL *Monitoring and control of crops under technified irrigation *Optimization of fertilizer solution use and water requirements * Optimization of the leaching fraction (Minimize environmental impact) Focus Controlled Production Differential Objective QUALITY

  12. SOIL-PLANT-WATER SYSTEM The roots absorb soluble ions from soil solution

  13. Sampling Program Results in May 2010

  14. Sampling Program Results in Septembre 2010

  15. Foliar analysis Eucaliptus leaf levels %N vs. Grow rate

  16. In both cases is observed: A.- High plants absorption, by means of consumption, of main nutrients ions (N, P, K). B.- A relevant water absorption was found in the first sampling is observed, with no absorption effect of ions, especially Cl- and Na+; with a possible toxicity risk comprehend with N and K concentration. As result an increase of salinity due to the low irrigation flow is observed, and as consequence, a minor metabolic activity is reached. C.- In the second sampling analysis such a problem is minimized after increasing the flow coefficient. Is also observed in less concentration of toxic elements, Cl y Na, in foliar analysis. D.- An increase of Ca2+ in soil depths by limestone dissolution and a buffer effect with high pH. A more favorable Ca/Na relation in second sampling and less peptization risk. F.- In both cases the chemical composition of solution at high depths is not pollutant and has no environmental restriction.

  17. AGQ Experience - Assessment of more than 600.000 hectares in Mediterranean area, North Africa, Caribbean, California and South America. - Development and monitoring in energetic crops (Biomass, Biofuels)… - Recuperation projects of saline soils in Spain (Ca/Na), River Nilo/Egypt, Copiapó (B) y Arequipa (Ba, Sr) - Valorization of industrial effluents: chemicals, agrofood, mining, etc... - Monitoring, control y rehabilitation of contaminated lands. - Green areas. …

  18. HOW A PROBLEM ...

  19. ... BECOMES A RESOURCE

  20. VIA ENERGETIC CROPS AND MONITORING CONTROL

  21. VALORIZACIÓN EXCEDENTE DE AGUA Ciclo Completo Mining Operations Effluent fromProcessor AMD Treated Effluent Self Energy Clean Energy Reduction CO2 Image/Social VALUE Agronomic Project EnergeticCrops Energy Generation Biomass Fuel Electric Energy Restoration Thermal Energy

  22. ADVANTAGES • SOLUTIONS OF EFFLUENTS AND DEGRADED MINING AREAS • ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY • ECONOMIC BENEFITS FROM ENERGY PRICES AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY • POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION • IMPROVING GLOBAL IMAGE OF MINING ACTIVITIES • SOCIAL BENEFITS, EMPLOYMENT GENERATION, ALTERNATIVES OF OTHER ACTIVITIES. • KEY ISSUES • WATER TREATMENT PROCESS • MANAGING AND CONTROL OF SYSTEM WATER - SOILS - PLANT IN ENERGETIC CROPS • BIOFUEL MANAGEMENT

  23. Annual estimation Irrigation Water 0.60 Hm3 Energy Production 1 MWe Biomass 7400 MWh/y 10000 t/y Energetic Crops Lands 250 Ha emissions reductions 5800 t/y CO2

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