Chapters 14 and 15 Test Review

1. Chapters 14 and 15Test Review The Great Depression

2. Calling shantytowns “Hoovervilles” the people were conveying what? Disgust for Hoover

3. Buying stocks for a quick profit without considering risks is known as what? Speculation

4. What was the aim of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act? Prevent farmers and homeowners from losing their homes

5. During the Depression the unemployment rate rose to what? 25 percent

6. What was one of the long range effects of the Depression on people’s habits? Developed habits of saving and thriftiness

7. True or False: Black Tuesday was the day the stock market crashed. True

8. Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Great Depression? • People built up large debts because of easy credit. • Tariffs on foreign goods were lowered. • The federal government did not insure people’s bank accounts. • The stock market crashed.

9. True or False: The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act brought a substantial decrease in U.S. exports. True

10. How did the end of WWI affect American farmers? Reduced the demand for crops around the world

11. What was the first major action Roosevelt took after he became president? He closed all of the nation’s banks and ordered inspections.

12. True or false: The main purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to give emergency help to farmers. False – It aided large businesses

13. Who was the first women to serve in the cabinet? Frances Perkins

14. One of the goals of the New Deal was to do what? Regulate the stock market

15. What was the main objective of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)? To raise prices on farm products

16. Which of the following legislations was mostly responsible for creating jobs and putting people to work? • Social Security Act • Fair Labor Standards Act • National Labor Relations Act • Works Progress Administration

17. True or False: President Hoover supported direct relief. False

18. What two pieces of legislation did the Supreme Court rule to be unconstitutional? Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

19. True or False: The stock market crash was fueled by price supports. False – It was fueled by speculation.

20. What was the role Eleanor Roosevelt played in the Roosevelt administration? She was an important advisor on domestic policy

21. What reached a new high during Roosevelt’s first term as president? The national debt

22. Which of the following increased during the 1920s? • Farmers’ debts • Prices for farm products • Foreign demand for U.S. farm products • Domestic demand for U.S. farm products

23. Which of Roosevelt’s ideas failed to become law? His court-stacking proposal to reorganize the Supreme Court

24. What required corporations to provide complete, truthful information on all stock offerings? Federal Securities Act

25. Who wrote The Grapes of Wrath? John Steinbeck

26. What act rebuilt dams and provided hydro-electric power? Tennessee Valley Authority

27. What addressed the problems of unemployment by creating jobs such as the construction of airports and libraries? Works Progress Administration (WPA)

28. What provided bank inspections and a means of making federal loans to solid banks? Emergency Banking Relief Act

29. What legislative act protected up to $5,000 of an individual’s bank account? Through the Glass-Steagall Act- the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

30. What provided a pension for retired workers and their spouses? Social Security Act

31. What was created to reform, and to restore confidence in, the stock market? The Securities and Exchange Commission

32. What legislation protected the right of workers to join unions and established the National Labor Relations Board? The Wagner Act

33. Which legislative act puts hundreds of thousands of young, single men to work building roads, developing parks, planting trees, etc. Civilian Conservation Corps

34. What happened to farmers indebtedness during the 1920s? It increased and thus signaled the beginning of trouble.

35. How did Hoover try to help the economy? By asking businesses not to lay off employees

36. What was the Bonus Army? WW I vets and their families who were wanting to cash in their coupons.

37. Who ran for president in 1932? Franklin D. Roosevelt beat Herbert Hoover in a landslide.

38. What is direct relief? A government system of giving money and food to the poor and needy

39. What happened during the First Hundred Days? Congress passed a record number of bills to promote economic recovery.

40. Which of the following was not an effect of the Great Depression? • Many children had a poor diet. • Many families became homeless. • Many men became unemployed. • Many people started farming.

41. What was the primary cause of the Dust Bowl? Prolonged drought

42. What factors drew Okies to California? Promises of steady farmwork

43. How did the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) try to help farmers? By reducing production to raise crop prices.

44. Which of these was not an effect of the New Deal? • It ended the Great Depression. • It laid the foundations of the welfare state. • It expanded the power of the federal government. • It attracted new groups of voters into the Democratic Party.

45. Which of these statements would a conservative most likely have made at the onset of the Depression? • The federal government should provide jobs to the unemployed. • The federal government should let the economy stabilize itself without interfering. • The federal government should tax the wealthy to help the needy. • The federal government should provide homes for the homeless.