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UK Withdrawal (‘Brexit’) and the Good Friday Agreement. Outline. 1 . The Agreement 1 . How the conflict is framed 2. The EU context for the Agreement 3. Key challenges posed by Brexit 2. Solutions 1. Upholding the Agreement 2. Maintaining the context 3. Macro-level options
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UK Withdrawal (‘Brexit’) and the Good Friday Agreement
Outline 1. The Agreement 1. How the conflict is framed 2. The EU context for the Agreement 3. Key challenges posed by Brexit 2. Solutions 1. Upholding the Agreement 2. Maintaining the context 3. Macro-level options 4. A soft border and policy cooperation
1.1 How the conflict is framed A border conflict • UK-Ireland relationship Principles • Self-determination and consent • Rights and Equality Multilevel governance • Strands One, Two and Three
1.2 The EU context for the Agreement EU model and environment • The EU in British-Irish agreements EU process • Cross-border cooperation and integration EU stimulus • All-island economy
1.3 Key challenges posed by Brexit Stability of the peace process • Polarisation Nature of cross-border cooperation • Re-politicisation Rights, safeguards, equality • Divergence
2.1 Upholding the Agreement Recognizing the unique situation Flexible and imaginative solutions • Protecting rights • Representation Using the Agreement’s institutions • Cross-border cooperation
2.2 Maintaining the context Minimize disruption to economic activity on the island of Ireland Keep the border as soft as possible Common legal and regulatory frameworks need to be maintained Maintain opportunities for institutionalized cross-border cooperation
2.3 Macro-level options UK-EU relationship Northern Ireland remaining in the EU Differentiated treatment of Northern Ireland • Northern Ireland in the EEA • Northern Ireland in a customs union with the EU • Agricultural free trade on the island of Ireland
2.4 A soft border and policy cooperation Border checks and technology Continued access to EU funding and programmes • Northern Ireland per se • ‘All-island’ eligibility
Conclusion Maintain context of free movement Ensure border remains as unobtrusive and as soft as possible See Northern Ireland as a point of contact between the UK and Ireland/EU Use territorial differentiation and flexible and imaginative solutions to minimize disruption to status quo
Presentation by David Phinnemore Katy Hayward Queen’s University Belfast Policy Department Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs Responsible Administrator: Eeva ERIKSSON poldep-citizens@europarl.europa.eu