Synthesis: Several combinations of diclofenac with different cations were investigated .

1. Room temperature ionic liquids incorporating an anti-inflammatory drug for topical drug delivery Wilmarie Medina-Ramos and Mark R. Prausnitz School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332 Objective Experimental Results Experimental Results Con’t • Synthesis: • Several combinations of diclofenac with different cations were investigated. • General Reaction Scheme: • Electrical resistance measurements as a function of added water • Viscosity measurements as a function of temperature • Preliminary Skin Permeability Experiments • When the RTIL (diclo/bnzalk) was employed, we found a low concentration of the NSAID drug in the receiver chamber. However, ahigher amount of the drug was retained in the skin when RTIL was used. • Synthesize room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) that incorporate a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for targeted drug delivery. • Minimize or eliminate the side effects caused by the systemic absorption of NSAIDs by employing a topical NSAID like diclofenac as a RTIL. • Improve the efficacy of topical NSAIDs. • RTILs were successfully synthesized using diclofenac (diclo) and two cationic surfactants (benzalkonium(bnzalk) and benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium (16-BAC)). IL: diclo/bnzalk IL: diclo/16BAC CH3OH (CH3)2CHOH Diclofenac sodium (Anion) Introduction -CH3OH -(CH3)2CHOH RTIL Reaction Filtration Epi+derm Chloride Salt (Cation) -NaCl Conclusions • Recently, ionic liquids have attracted a great deal of attention due the large number of possible cation-anion combinations of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that can produce ionic liquids with biological activities. • Ionic liquids that are in a liquid state at room temperature (RTILs) are very attractive candidates for topical drug delivery, since there is no need to add any solvent and will consist of 50% API. • Applications using NSAIDs as RTILs for topical drug delivery is an area that we are investigating. • RTILs incorporating a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as diclofenac were successfully synthesized and characterized. • Structure-property relationships like resistance and viscosity were measured. • Preliminary skin permeability experiments showed a high concentration of the drug in the skin, which indicates the possibility of achieving a higher efficacy for the treatment of skin inflammation. Future Directions Methods • Evaluate the RTIL permeability using ex-vivo human skin as the membrane and determine the amount of the drug in the different skin layers. • Evaluate the safety profile (i.e. skin irritation, tolerance) and efficacy of this topical RTIL for skin inflammation in an in-vivo model. • Synthesis of RTILs was achieved through a metathesis reaction: • General Synthesis Method: Acknowledgements • I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Mark R. Prausnitz, as well as the entire Prausnitz Research Group. • Funding Source: This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (NIH). Contact Information Wilmarie Medina-Ramos School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering 315 Ferst Drive, NW Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100 T: 678.353.7300 F: 404.894.2291 E: wilmarie.medina@gatech.edu