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Morningness & Eveningness

Morningness & Eveningness. By Gabija Kiburtait ė Psbns09-2. C ircadian rhythms. It is a roughly 25-hour cycle of the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes. Measured by melatonin secretion and core body temperature. Humans are normally diurnal animals. What chronotype is?.

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Morningness & Eveningness

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  1. Morningness & Eveningness By Gabija Kiburtaitė Psbns09-2

  2. Circadian rhythms • It is a roughly 25-hour cycle of the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes. • Measured by melatonin secretion and core body temperature. • Humans are normally diurnal animals.

  3. What chronotype is? • Chronotype (also called circadian type, diurnal preference or diurnal variation) is an attribute of humans reflecting whether they are alert early or late in the day. • Chronotype is largely independent of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic position. • The age affects chronotype.

  4. Chronotypes • Two opposite chronotypes exist: • Morningness; • Eveningness. • Most people lie somewhere in between. • People who share a chronotype have similar activity-pattern timing.

  5. Morning Type • Morning people wake up early and are most alert in the first part of the day. • Also called larks, early-risers or A-persons. • Mood declines over day. • Energetic in the mornings, out of steam in the evenings.

  6. About Morning People • Morning people fall asleep faster. • They have a higher daytime temperature with an earlier peak time. • The daily body temperature minimum occurs at about 4am for morning people. • Students who are morning people get better grades in college.

  7. Evening Type • Evening people are most alert in the late evening hours and prefer to go to bed late. • Also called night owls, late-risers or B-persons. • Mood rises over day. • Sleepy in the mornings, energetic in the evenings.

  8. About Evening People • Owls have more variable bedtimes than larks. • The daily body temperature minimum occurs at about 6am for evening people. • Evening people are more alert after 10.5 hour without sleep than morning people.

  9. Prevalence • One study: • 80% morning people, • 17% evening people, • 3% afternoon people. • Another survey: • 15% morning people, • 25% evening people, • 60% intermediates.

  10. Personality Differences • In the Big Five personality model morningness correlates positively with Agreeableness trait, slightly negatively correlates with Neuroticism trait and slightly positively correlates with Conscientiousness trait. • Pre-teen kids who were more active in the evenings are likely to experience more behavioral issues during adolescence. • Evening people get higher scores for components of creative thinking such as fluidity, flexibility and originality.

  11. Causes • The reason why people have different chronotypes seems to be genetic. • Researchers studied the CLOCK gene. • They found that subjects with a specific variation of CLOCK gene were most likely evening people.

  12. Conclusions • Chronotypes are related with biological factors. • Chronotype is most likely determined by genetic causes. • Morning and evening people have quite different timing in alertness. • There is some personality and cognitive differences among opposite chronotypes.

  13. References • http://en.wikipedia.org/ • C. Wilson (Journal of Sleep and Sleep Disorders Research) “Early to bed, early to rise?” (22/07/1998). • Morningness-Eveningness. • K. Wren “Science: Neuroscientists Probe the Differences Between Early and Late Risers” (23/04/2009). • C. G. DeYoung. L. Hasher, M. Djikic, B. Criger, J. B. Peterson “Morning people are stable people: Circadian rhythm and the higher-order factors of the Big Five” (30/01/2007). • Night Writer “Sleep Discrimination” (1997). • “Are You a Lark or an Owl?” (05/2009). • M. Smolensky, L. Lamberg “Are You a Lark, an Owl, or a Hummingbird?”. • M. Giampietro , G.M. Cavallera “Morning and evening types and creative thinking” (2007). Pictures: • http://softwareengineering.vazexqi.com/files/statistics.jpg • http://www.jamielatendresse.com/stuff/Chronotype_Helv_1-sml.jpg • https://vr6kqg.blu.livefilestore.com/y1mj5GIIfCa8NJNGOjvgU6ty9y3vaMaH8c8-5-T9DIvT_U9UpCpRp04josWPuR63mGhZPARjY4tw9PVo-GbDGiC6ManYZVe8tQBXARPOKseeq7Mi8RpJrlQgN1qxE6QXAWsFuty-AScWn8P_P68gT7fHQ/daynight.jpg • http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3214/images/01-coll-dna-knoll-l.jpg • http://warkscol.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/thb93559.jpg • http://rlv.zcache.com/meadow_lark_photosculpture-p153708254934966605u30k_400.jpg • http://images41.fotki.com/v1243/photos/2/292835/2766713/night_owl_sticker5-vi.jpg • http://www.stacken.kth.se/~foo/weekpics/nightowl.jpg

  14. Thank You... Do You have any questions?

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