Fermilab Proton Driver Project

1. Fermilab Proton Driver Project Weiren Chou for Bill Foster Fermilab, U.S.A. October 20, 2004 Presentation at the Proton Driver Session ICFA-HB2004, Bensheim, Germany, Oct 18-22, 2004

2. Introduction • Neutrino Superbeam/Proton Driver is one of 28 new facilities on the DOE’s 20-year strategic plan. • Fermilab Long Range Planning Committee has recommended the proton driver as one of two candidates for a future construction project at Fermilab. (LC is the other one.) • Early this year Fermilab director issued a charge to Bill Foster and Steve Geer to prepare a CD0 document for establishing mission needs for a proton driver. • There were two options considered: 8 GeV RCS or 8 GeV sc rf linac. • The ICFA decision to choose sc rf technology for a future ILC gave a big boost to the linac option. • Fermilab director recent announced to go for the linac option. • R&D for LC and proton driver will go in parallel. • The core part of this R&D is to establish a Superconducting rf Module Test Facility (SMTF) at Fermilab. This will be a multi-institution collaboration project. A LOI is being circulated. A number of instituion have signed up. ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

3. Introduction (cont…) • The Proton Driver project is defined as: “a complete replacement of our current 400 MeV linac and 8 GeV Booster, accompanied by Main Injector upgrades.” • Beam power spec: • 8 GeV Proton Driver:  0.5 MW • 8–120 GeV upgraded Main Injector: 2 MW • Total beam power:  2.5 MW ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

4. Proton Driver Study II(Fermilab-TM-2169) ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

5. 8 GeV Linac Parameters Energy GeV 8 Particle Type H, e Hz 10 Rep. Rate m 671 Active Length mA 25 Beam Current ms 1 Pulse Length P / pulse 1.5E+14 Beam Intensity P/hour 5.4E+18 Linac Beam Power MW avg. 2 MW peak 200 ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

6. Neutrino “Super- Beams” SY-120 Fixed-Target Damping Rings for TESLA @ FNAL With 8 GeV e+ Preacc. NUMI Off- Axis X-RAY FEL LAB 8 GeV neutrino 8 GeV Linac ~ 700m Active Length 1% LC Systems Test Main Injector @2 MW Bunching Ring Target and Muon Cooling Channel Recirculating Linac for Neutrino Factory Long-Pulse Spallation Source & Neutrino Target Short Baseline Detector Array VLHC at Fermilab Neutrinos to “Homestake” Wide Range of Applications Anti- Proton ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

7. Wide Range Choice of MI Beam Energy ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

8. Wide Range Choice of MI Beam Energy (cont…) ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

9. 8 GeV Linac Baseline 2 MW ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

10. 0.5 MW with TESLA Frequencies & SCRF F.E. ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

11. RF Fanout ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

12. RF Fanout at Each Cavity ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

13. ELECTRONICALLY ADJUSTABLEE-H TUNER Attractive Price Quote from AFT (<< Klystron) FERRITE LOADED SHORTED STUBS CHANGE ELECTRICAL LENGTH DEPENDING ON DC MAGNETIC BIAS. TWO COILS PROVIDE INDEPENDENT PHASE AND AMPLITUDE CONTROL OF CAVITIES ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

14. Ferrite Phase Shifter High-Power Test Stand A. Moretti, D. Wildman, N. Solyak, Y. Terechkine • 805 MHz Klystron • 12 MW x 100usec (need: 0.5 MW x 1 msec) First goal: See if existing YIG tuner functions at 500kW. (yes!) Ultimate Goal: 0.2 dB loss for 360 deg. phase shift in 100~500usec. Dry Load 12 MW Klystron YIG Ferrite Phase Shifter Door-knob Transition Hybrid Tee Ferrite Bias Supply ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

15. Main Injector Upgrade to 2 MW Present Upgrade Injection kinetic energy (GeV) 8 8 Extraction kinetic energy (GeV) 120 8 - 120 Protons per MI cycle 3  1013 1.5  1014 Cycle time at 120 GeV (s) 1.867 1.533 Beam power (MW) 0.3 1.9 • Increase beam intensity by a factor of 5 • Reduce cycle time by 20% • Increase beam power by a factor of 6 ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

16. Technical Systems Upgrade ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

17. Dual PA for MI RF Cavity To be replaced by a 2nd PA ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

18. New RF Design Z0 = 20 , R= 100 k, Q = 4000, R/Q = 25 , V = 240 kV ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

19. Large Aperture Quadrupole Lamination design 3-D calculation Fabricating 9 magnets, 7 to be installed in the MI in 2005 ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

20. Issues Concerning 8 GeV H Ions ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

21. Blackbody Radiation Stripping 8 GeV 1 GeV • At 8 GeV, thermal photons emitted from the room temperature beam pipe would cause a loss of ~ 0.53 × 106 m1 sec1 • Or about 0.53 × 108 particles m1 sec1 • High radiation activation on the beam pipe is a serious concern ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

22. Foil Stripping Efficiency  Measurements Webber & Hojvat, 1979 Fermilab linac, 200 MeV Gulley et al., 1996 LANL linac, 800 MeV H+ H+ H- H- H0 11.2% H0 H0 0.4% H0 ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

23. Foil Stripping Efficiency  Calculation 0.5% H0 ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

24. Summary • Proton driver and ILC are two candidates for a future construction project at Fermilab • The sc linac design is chosen. This has the major advantage of a large overlap in R&D for both candidates, e.g., SMTF • A key R&D item is the fast phase shifter • A comprehensive understanding of the transport and stripping of 8 GeV H ions is another high priority item • The lab has decided to work towards the goal of getting DOE’s CD0 approval next year. ICFA-HB2004 Workshop, October 20, 2004

25. Questions?