1 / 5

SHORT TERM (WORKING) MEMORY

SHORT TERM (WORKING) MEMORY. The phenomenology of STM Information-Processing models Broadbent’s “p-system ” (1958) Waugh & Norman’s primary memory (1965) (borrowing James’ term) Atkinson & Shiffrin’s multistore model (1968).

yvon
Download Presentation

SHORT TERM (WORKING) MEMORY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SHORT TERM (WORKING) MEMORY • The phenomenology of STM • Information-Processing models • Broadbent’s “p-system” (1958) • Waugh & Norman’s primary memory (1965) (borrowing James’ term) • Atkinson & Shiffrin’s multistore model (1968)

  2. MEMORY STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES INTHE “MODAL MODEL”(Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968) SENSORY REGISTERS sensory inputs visual tactile auditory SHORT-TERM STORE (STS) temporary, working memory control processes: - rehearsal - coding - decisions - retrieval strategies LONG-TERM STORE (LTS) permanent memory store

  3. Characteristics of the short-term store: the classic period • Brief duration • (Peterson & Peterson 1959) • Limited capacity • (Miller, 1956) • Dominance of speech-like codes • (Conrad, 1964; Baddeley 1966) • Serial “retrieval” process • (Sternberg 1966) • STM Rehearsal consolidates LTM • (Rundus & Atkinson 1971) • Forgetting through decay • (Peterson & Peterson 1959) • Or displacement • (Waugh & Norman 1965)

  4. SUPPORT AND PROBLEMS FOR THE CLASSIC VIEW • Dissociations in amnesia • HM, others show STM LTM failure • But PV, others learn despite poor STM • Recency effects in free recall • Distraction after last word eliminates it (Glanzer & Cunitz, 1965) • But distraction after every word doesn’t (Bjork & Whitten, 1974) • Primacy effects in free recall • Strong correlation between rehearsal and recall (Fischler & Rundus, 1970) • But this can be decoupled by ‘maintenance” rehearsal (Craik & Watkins, 1975) • STM capacity and speech • Impact of speech on capacity, errors (e.g., Baddeley, 1966) • But visual, semantic codes may also play a role in “STM” tasks (e.g., Baddeley & Hitch, 1974)

  5. Brain activity and theSTM-LTM distinction • Talmi, et al. (2005) • 12-word lists shown visually • Test for recognition early vs. late in seq • BOLD response (fMRI) contrasted Early vs Late: Early vs Control: So: LTM retrieval activates MTL; STM retrieval does not

More Related