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Centralisation

Centralisation.

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Centralisation

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  1. Centralisation • Centralisation of Authority refers to systematic and consistent concentration of authority for decision making at higher levels of management. In centralised organisation top mgt. has the absolute authority for making almost all the decisions. Middle and lower managers are given little authority.

  2. Centralisation(cont.) • They depend on the top mgt. for instruction and guidance on all matters. They are expected to show no initiative and freedom in their day to day activities. The top Mgt. exercises strict supervision and control over all the activities in the organization.For eg. The owner of a grocery store may himself take all decisions relating to purchase , sales accounts , stocks etc.

  3. Merits of Centralisation • Standardized systems and procedures • Professional and personal leadership • Economy of operation • Coordination and cooperation of functional activities • Utilization of personnel

  4. Demerits of Centralisation • Individual efforts are restricted • Over burden of work of subordinates • Slow operation of business • Distance from customers • No scope for specialization

  5. Decentralisation • Decentralization of authority means dispersal of authority in all departments and all levels of management. An organization said to be decentralized when managers at middle and lower levels are given the authority to take decisions on matters relating to their functions. For e.g.. The production manager and the factory manager are authorized to decide the quality and quantity of the product ,the tech. , the materials to be used. They are required to take decisions keeping in view the overall policies of the company.

  6. Merits of Decentralisation • Reduces burden of top executive • Quick decisions • Motivation to subordinates • Growth and diversification • Management development • Diversion of Risk • Effective supervision and control

  7. Demerits of Decentralisation • Lack of coordination • Difficulty in control • High cost of operations • Non- availability of talented managers • External constraints

  8. Difference b/w Delegation and Decentralisation • Nature • Scope • Significance • Freedom of Action

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