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Pharmacology Jeopardy Block 2 - Part I Peter O. Beaumont, M.Sc. (Pharm) St. Vinnie’s Fall 2000

Pharmacology Jeopardy Block 2 - Part I Peter O. Beaumont, M.Sc. (Pharm) St. Vinnie’s Fall 2000. Antibiotics. It is thought that a cell Tx with penicillin may have to produce these in order to be bactericidal. What are… Autolysins

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Pharmacology Jeopardy Block 2 - Part I Peter O. Beaumont, M.Sc. (Pharm) St. Vinnie’s Fall 2000

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  1. PharmacologyJeopardy • Block 2 - Part I • Peter O. Beaumont, M.Sc. (Pharm) • St. Vinnie’s Fall 2000

  2. Antibiotics

  3. It is thought that a cell Tx with penicillin may have to produce these in order to be bactericidal

  4. What are… • Autolysins • This is part of the reasoning why you should not mix tetracyclines with cell wall synthesis inhibitors

  5. The estimated rate of resistance of • S. aureus to • penicillin G

  6. What is… • 90% • You should always be cognizant of this when prescribing antibiotics for Staph infections

  7. This ‘prophylactic’ acronym reminds you what drugs to use for many staph infections

  8. What is… • CONDoM • recall, all the penicillins with ‘ox’ in them can be taken orally. • Naficillin, can be oral, but abs is variable • Methicilin is definitely not oral

  9. For P. aeruginosa, choose one of these penicillins

  10. What are… • Mezlocillin • Carbenicillin • Azlocillin • Ticarcillin • Piperacillin

  11. This penicillin is cleared by the kidney, but spends time in the bile, making it useful against this ‘fishy’ organism

  12. What is… • Ampicillin & Salmonella (Carrier state)

  13. This aminopenicillin is not affected by food when taken orally

  14. What is… • Amoxicillin

  15. Penicillin G does not penetrate well into these 3 organs

  16. What are… • The eye, prostate and meninges (uninflammed)

  17. The only penicillin to be used in patients with Renal Failure

  18. What is… • Naficillin • It is the only one cleared mainly be the liver

  19. Match the beta-lactam ADR • Naficillin • Oxacillin • Methicillin • Ampicillin • neutropenia • hepatitis • nephritis • allergic rash in Mono

  20. Fever chills, rigors and arthralgia due to release of spirochete toxins

  21. What is… • The Herxheimer Reaction • Occurs with most spirochetes, and is independent of the antibiotic used

  22. While 1st-Gen Cephs are known for their activity for G-pos, organisms they are still active against these G-negs...

  23. What is… • Proteus mirabilis • Enterobacter • E.coli • Klebsiella pneumoia • Mloraxlla catarrhalis

  24. These drugs have in common the side effect of hypoprothombinemia and a disulfiram-like reaction

  25. What are… • Cefoperazone, Moxolactam and Cefomandole • 3rd, 3rd and 2nd gen agents

  26. The main difference between 3rd and 4th-Gen cephs..,

  27. What is… • more resistance to beta-lactamase • Especially chromosomal lactamase produced by Enterobacter

  28. Type of superinfection likely in 3rd-Gen cephs

  29. What is… • Gram-positive organisms • recall, as you move from 1st to 3rd Gen, there is more G-neg activity and less G-pos activity

  30. Don’t ask me why, but this common lab test may become positive with the use of cephalosporins

  31. What is… • Urine test for glucose • Apparently, this is for all classes of cephs.

  32. The First Gen Cephs

  33. The spectrum of this class of beta-lactams is just like the aminoglycosides

  34. What are… • Monobactams • Active against G-negs • No activity against G-pos or anaerobes • Aztreonam is the only drug in the class

  35. This beta-lactam has the broadest spectrum of all and greatest resistance to lactamase

  36. What is… • Imipenem • Think Omni-potent imipenem • Cilastin makes it resistant to dihydropeptidase in the kidney

  37. The only iv drug studied that is limited solely to • G-pos organisms

  38. What is… • Vancomycin • iv for Tx of MRSA (usually with an aminoglycoside) • po for Tx of C.difficile • one exception is G-neg Flavobacterium - but I don’t think we studied it

  39. This antibiotic works only in the periplasmic space

  40. What is… • Bacitracin • Interferes with cycling of the lipid transporter Bactoprenol • too toxic for systemic use • G-pos organisms only

  41. Inhibits the conversion of L-ala to D-ala

  42. What is… • Cycloserine • Inhibits alanine racemase • almost exclusively used as 2nd line Tx for TB due to toxicity • “Psycho-serine”

  43. Sulfas used in bowel-prep, based on the absorption profile

  44. What are… • Phthalylsulfathiazole Succinylsulfathizole and Sulfaquanine • Neomycin is also effective in this regard

  45. Acidity in the urine causes precipitation of this drug class

  46. What are… • Sulfa drugs

  47. Mechanisms of resistance to sulfa drugs...

  48. What are… • decreased affinity for dihydropteroate synthase • overproductoin of PABA • increased acetylation • Plasmid mediate

  49. The crossing of unconjugated bilirubin into the CNS in newborns

  50. What is… • kernicterus • Occurs in sulfonamides and other drugs that are normally highly bound to albumin in adults

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