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Depression. Symptoms of a Major Depressive Disorder. Affective: guilt and sadness, lack of enjoyment or pleasure in familiar activities or company. Behavioural : passivity
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Symptoms of a Major Depressive Disorder • Affective: guilt and sadness, lack of enjoyment or pleasure in familiar activities or company. • Behavioural: passivity • Cognitive: negative thoughts, faulty attribution of blame, low self esteem, irrational hopelessness, difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness • Somatic: lack of energy, insomnia or hypersomnia, weight loss/gain, diminished libido.
Diagnosis of Depression • When someone experiences two weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. • Diagnosis requires at least 4 additional symptoms (such as insomnia, suicidal thoughts, passivity, or difficulty concentrating).
Facts about Depression • Depression affects 15% of people at some time in their life (Charney and Weismann 1988). • Depression tends to be a recurrent disorder with about 80% experiencing a subsequent episode. • Depression is 2-3 times more common in women than in men. • It occurs frequently among members of lower socio-economic groups. • Levav (1997) found the prevalence rate to be above average in Jewish males suggesting that some groups are more prone to depression.