MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER

1. MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER Madison Weather at 1000 AM CDT TUE AUG 7 2001 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25 Sky/Weather: SUNNY Temperature: 85 F (29 C) Dew Point: 76 F (24 C) Relative Humidity: 74% Wind: VRB7 MPH Barometer: 30.13F

2. Surface Weather Map from Today with Isobars & Fronts

3. Current Temperatures (oF) & Isotherms

4. Current Dewpoints (oF)

5. Current Winds Aloft at 34,000 Ft.

6. Tomorrow’s 7AM Forecast

7. ATM OCN 100 - Spring 2002 LECTURE 25 (con’t.) MID-LATITUDE WEATHER SYSTEMS:PART II: THE EXTRATROPICAL CYCLONE • Introduction • The Norwegian Model of Extratropical Cyclones • Observed Weather Features surrounding Extratropical Cyclones • Life Cycle of an Extratropical Cyclone

8. Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9 Moran & Morgan (1997)

9. Incipient Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9A Moran & Morgan (1997)

10. The Surface Low & the Jet

11. Linkage between surface weather systems & winds aloftSee Fig. 10.22 Moran & Morgan (1997)

12. Wave Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9B Moran & Morgan (1997)

13. Occluding Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9C Moran & Morgan (1997)

14. Bent-Back Occlusion Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9D Moran & Morgan (1997)

15. Cyclone Families from TIROS

16. Occluded Cyclone over British Isles

17. E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL WAVE CYCLONES • General Movements • Steering winds aloft

18. Zonal Circulation RegimeFigure 10.10 Moran & Morgan (1997)

19. Meridional Circulation RegimeFigure 10.10 Moran & Morgan (1997)

20. Stagnant Circulation Regime with Cut-off Lows & Blocking HighsFigure 10.13 Moran & Morgan (1997)

21. E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL WAVE CYCLONES (con’t.) • General Movements • Regions of Cyclogenesis • Lee-side of mountains • Along east coasts of continents

22. Lee-slope CyclogenesisSee Fig.1 pg. 275, Moran & Morgan (1997)

23. E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL WAVE CYCLONES (con’t.) • General Movements • Regions of Cyclogenesis • Lee-side of mountains • Along east coasts of continents • Principal Cyclone Tracks over North America

24. Storm Trackssee Fig. 11.16 of Moran & Morgan (1997)

25. E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL WAVE CYCLONES (con’t.) • General Movements • Regions of Cyclogenesis • Principal Cyclone Tracks over North America • Time Sequences of Weather Events - Single Point Forecasting

26. Weather along Storm Tracks(A) Warm Side vs. (B) Cold sidesee Fig. 11.15 of Moran & Morgan (1997)

27. Weather on Warm Side Windy, warm & rainy in Madison

33. Weather on Cold Side Development of a 5 inch snow storm in Madison (with temperatures in the teens)

37. Incipient Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9A Moran & Morgan (1997)

38. Wave Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9B Moran & Morgan (1997)

39. Occluding Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9C Moran & Morgan (1997)

40. Bent-Back Occlusion Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9D Moran & Morgan (1997)

41. G. WINTER STORMS • Definitions • Winter Weather Conditions • Hazards of Winter Storms • HEAVY SNOW • ICE STORMS • STRONG WINDS • Ingredients of a Winter Storm • COLD AIR • MOISTURE • LIFT

42. See Figure 11.14 Moran & Morgan (1997)

43. WINTER STORMS (con’t.) • Blizzards • Winter weather condition lasting 3 hours or more with: • Strong winds (35 mph or more); • Snow & blowing snow with visibility less than 1/4 mile.

44. WINTER STORMS (con’t.) • Public Information Dissemination & Public Safety Precautions • Blizzard warnings; • Winter storm watches & warnings; • Ice storm warnings; • High wind warnings; • Wind chill warnings.

45. Cyclones along the Polar Front

46. Cross Section thru a cyclone

47. An extratropical cyclone

48. Typical cyclone tracks