HUMAN TRAFFICKING

1. HUMAN TRAFFICKING

2. Human trafficking is the trade in humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others or for the extraction of organs or tissues including surrogacy and ova removal; or for providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage. Human trafficking can occur within a country or trans-nationally. Human trafficking is a crime against the person because of the violation of the victim's rights of movement through coercion and because of their commercial exploitation. Human trafficking is the trade in people, and does not necessarily involve the movement of the person from one place to another.

3. Human trafficking represents an estimated $31.6 billion of international trade per annum in 2010. Human trafficking is thought to be one of the fastest-growing activities of transnational criminal organizations. Human trafficking is condemned as a violation of human rights by international conventions. In addition, human trafficking is subject to a directive in the European Union.

4. In 2004, the total annual revenue for trafficking in persons were estimated to be between USD$5 billion and $9 billion. In 2005, Patrick Belser of ILO estimated a global annual profit of $31.6 billion. In 2008, the United Nations estimated nearly 2.5 million people from 127 different countries are being trafficked into 137 countries around the world.

5. Causes of human trafficking POVERTY Poverty is a common thread that runs through the stories of many victims.  People living in extreme poverty are given the promise of a well paid job and a better life in another country, perhaps with lodgings and educational opportunities included.  They have no idea that the person making the extravagant promises is a trafficker.  And they do not find out until it is too late. The victim finds themselves in a foreign country, like the UK or Ireland, where they do not speak the language or have any contacts.  Their passport and identification documents are usually taken from them.  They are then exploited.

6. DEBT Debt is another inroad for human traffickers.  People are trafficked into or within the UK and Ireland as a means of repaying debts that they or their family can no longer afford.  They are then exploited.  They are told that any money they are “earning” is going towards reducing their debt. Many charges and penalties are regularly added to the overall debt, such as for board, lodgings, transport, and even bad behavior.  So the debt will never be repaid and the victim continues to be controlled and exploited.

7. ADDICTION Addiction is used by traffickers to identify and target victims who are already vulnerable.  People addicted to drugs or alcohol are easily manipulated and can have impaired judgment, making them believe what they are told more easily than someone else might. Addicts are targeted by traffickers and promised money or their substance-of-choice in exchange for work.  They are then not paid for any work they do and are beaten or threatened with violence if they object.  This intimidation is used to secure further “work” from the addicts in the future. Addiction is also used a method of controlling victims who are already enslaved

8. POLITICAL INSTABILITY & NATURAL DISASTERS Political Instability & Natural Disasters can make people vulnerable to being trafficked.  War, civil unrest and the aftermath of natural disasters cause instability that traffickers can use to their advantage. Chaos, mass migration and the separation of family units make people vulnerable to kidnap for the purposes of trafficking.  Theses situations can equally encourage potential victims to agree to themselves or family members being taken elsewhere on the promise of safety and a life with more stability.

9. DEMAND Demand is sadly the biggest reason for anyone being trafficked.  There would be no trafficking if there was no end-user willing to exploit the victims.  But from private individuals to organized crime-lords, there are many people in our society who ensure that there is a demand for exploitation and there is money to be made from it. Reducing demand is a key step in seeking to rescue victims from the cycle of human trafficking.

10. Top 10 Countries Infamous for Human Trafficking Bangladesh--. It is a major hub for trasit routes all across the world.  Forced prostitution, forced labour, forced organ donations, selling of organs, even selling ova eggs. Brazil--Women and trafficked extensively as prostitutes because the tourists that come to Brazil wish for them. Men are trafficked as forced labour for doing the gruesome manual labour at a very cheap rate.  Haiti--Haiti faces the biggest problem of human trafficking in form of slavery and prostitution Pakistan-- The biggest problem in human trafficking that Pakistan faces is that of bonded labour. Bonded labour can be for domestic help or for working in industries, factories or in the mines etc.  Prostitution is also a major reason for human trafficking. Although Pakistan is a very religious, orthodox country, the rate of prostitution is very high. Uganda--they traffic children and force them to join the military forces. Girls are forced into sexual slavery by men and they are treated very badly. 

11. India--Humans are trafficked in, out and across India for various purposes such as forced labor, forced prostitution, forced organ implantation etc. Girls are forced to become surrogate mothers against their will. Children are trafficked for working into factories that manufacture dangerous stuff like gunpowder and firecrackers.  Sri Lanka--Humans are trafficked in and outside Sri Lanka, mainly for the purposes of domestic help, prostitution and labor. But even within Sri Lanka, children are trafficked around to be used in the military forces.  Nepal--Almost 5,000 to 10,000 Nepali women and girls are trafficked just to India every year. It is considered to be the busiest route of human trafficking in the world.  lot of people are bought into India from Nepal as India is a fast developing country and in need of a lot of labor.  China--Forced prostitution happens within the Chinese borders and beyond it. It was recently found out that there are large Chinese human trafficking rackets in Spain and France will buy and sell these Chinese people for about $72,000.