What if you could see tomorrow today?

1. What if you could see tomorrow today? PGS/CSG Using ARAM-ARIES Recording System

2. PGS/CSG Using ARAM- ARIES

3. CENTRAL RECORDING EQUIPMENTGROUND EQUIPMENT These units allow you the freedom, flexibility and peace of mind to know the recording system will work, wherever you’re working. Uni-RAM is a universal solution from mountain top to shallow ocean bottom. Combined with other ARAM•ARIES features Uni-RAM provides continuous coverage through the use of: Seismic Processor ModuleTape Transport ModulePower Supply ModuleThermal PlotterLightning Protection Unit - Connector technology - Superior water protection - Auto-routing Fire by Wire - “Wireless” repeater technology

4. Portability is logistics state-of-the-art lithium-ionbattery Size and weight has an impact on all aspects of collecting seismic information. Those most effected by the weight of seismic equipment may appear to be the crew responsible for setting it up and taking it down. But size and weight also have impact on: • Environmental footprint • Crew size • Health and Safety • Mobilization costs • Equipment movement in the field • Overall productivity That’s why ARAM•ARIES is designed to be the smallest, lightest system in the field today.

5. Clients, people, technology ... ARAM•ARIES is unparalleled in its adaptability to various seismic environments. This is aided by built in System Wide Redundancy (SWR).SWR provides you with the ability to keep shooting with no interruptions and also protects your seismic data from the channel to the tape.• Shot memory• Error-free data recovery• Dual transmission in RAMs and cable• Multiple transmission in TAPs and Baseline• Redundant cable connections• Redundant Line Card connections• Mirrored hard drivesSWR is a pre-requisite for the growing demand for Mega-channel recording.

6. Emerging Trendsrequire Mega-channels Advances in High Definition 3D, Single Point Recording, Multi-Component Recording, and an increased need for gains in productivity and data quality for traditional 3D acquisition – the ARAM•ARIES system can handle in excess of 39,000 channels in real time and virtually an unlimited number of channels in near-real time.

7. Comprehensive Quality assuranceARIES' Universal Seismic Database provides quality assurance and peace of mind. Automated Information Management delivers database information when and, as you need it. • Intuitive Geometry QC• Instrument test results• Safety, environmental and permit information• Horizontal and vertical survey• Source position verification• Automated Geophysical Data Characterization• System generated observers notes, making mistakes a thing of the past

8. Geophysical Data Characterization (GDC) GDC is a method for monitoring the quality of seismic data as it is being acquired. This method has been developed by the ARAM Division of Geo-X Systems Ltd and is available on all ARAM•ARIES recording systems. The Product: Geophysical Data Characterization (GDC) was Originally proposed to Geo-X Systems Ltd. by AGIP in Italy as a way of reducing the cost of their 3-D seismic acquisition with less risk. They felt that if they could monitor the quality of their seismic data with an aim to predicting the quality of the final processed data, then they could reduce their source effort and their costs, without risking the interpretability of their data. GDC the concept: The GDC in concept is shown in the image to the right. The raw seismic data, which can include both acceptable and non-acceptable data quality, is passed through the GDC analysis. This produces a single numerical value for each seismic trace. Field interpretation of the data quality by a qualified Q.C. person allows the GDC numerical limits or quality scale for acceptable and non-acceptable data to be set for the seismic crew.

9. The Concept : As the acquisition of new data continues it is automatically passed through GDC analysis and the results are plotted on a 3-D map (Fig 2.) relative to the acceptable and non-acceptable scale. As long as the quality stays at or above the minimum acceptable level everything is a go. If data quality begins to drop below the acceptable level then measures can be taken to try and improve the quality. The primary driving force behind the use of this type of analysis is that "the most expensive data we acquire is the data which can not be interpreted.” The Analysis: The values used in GDC are the S:N ratio for each seismic trace. The raw seismic data has a simple AGC gain recovery applied. Each trace is then autocorrelated, and crosscorrelated with its neighboring trace. The resulting crosscorrelation is the value for signal and the autocorrelation minus the crosscorrelation gives us a noise value.

10. Lynx 3-D a real world example: The following figures show an example of GDC analysis on real seismic data. The Lynx 3-D consists of 829 source points with varying numbers of trace per source, the average being approximately 1650 traces. Each record is 5 seconds long. In all there are more than 1 million input traces to be dealt with adding up to over 11 gigabytes of data. As the analysis was completed it was obvious that the varying quality of the raw data traces could be tied to source oriented noise and changes in the near surface. The Image to the left outlines the 3-D program. Source lines are orthogonal to the receiver lines. Receive lines run NE to SW. The survey covers approximately 55 square kilometers. Data analysis is controlled by an offset and velocity constrained window, which begins below the first arrivals, and ends around the basement level. (right)

11. Left is a display of the analysis of one shot record. The color green represents receiver data above the desired level of 1.5 dB. The blue receiver points are in the acceptable range between -2 and 1.5 dB. Red represents a value below -2 dB. The image to the right combines the GDC results for receiver line 41, taken from the analyzed record, the actual seismic data and the elevation profile for these receiver points. It is apparent that the deterioration of data quality close to the source is not symmetrical. This matchesthe significant difference in the elevation profile on one side of the source as compared to the other side. The interpreting and processing geophysicists have established that this "poorer" data matches the near surface weathering deposits

12. In the above image GDC results from all of the traces from every source in the survey have been "stacked". Viewing all of the data in this manner shows a particular trend, which has been highlighted with a red outline. The interpreter of this data set immediately recognized that this trend very closely matched the elevation profile for the survey, and that the poorer quality of data in the South corner and the NorthEast were evident in the processed seismic data prior to migration. To the right is a cube display of the surface elevation with Receiver Line 41 highlighted. The red color represents mountains reaching up to 1600 meters, and the blue valleys drop to below 1200 meters.                                       In the image to the left a combined display of the elevations and data quality results indicates a close match with the thicker weathering deposits on the NE side of the mountain. These have a greater effect on data quality than the thinner weathering layer on the SW side of the mountain. One of the most promising outcomes of this test is that the analysis of each record was completed in relatively real time. Each 5 second record was analyzed in less than 5 seconds. In land acquisition it is very rare for the crew to acquire a record in an average period of less than twice the record length. This means that there is more than enough time to do an analysis right on the seismic crew without slowing down production.

13. ARIES: Lightest System

14. PGS/CSG selects the ARAM-ARIES for its excellent characteristics of control of quality, versatility and high recording at smaller cost. Thanks to the direct agreement with it manufactures it we can offer this system of it finishes technology to our clients it is the only equipment really designed for geophysicist to satisfy the needs of geophysicist.www.csg.com.co Summary: The ongoing tests indicate that data quality monitoring is achievable in real time. GDC style information on the seismic crew can be useful as an additional tool for achieving the best compromise between obtaining the desired geophysical objectives and reducing the cost of meeting those objectives.