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Computer Generated Animation. By Cassidy, Evhan , and Jesse. History. “Invented” around the 40s-70s by Edward E. Zajac , Frank W. Sinden , and others Short titled “Hummingbird” (1967) by Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
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Computer Generated Animation By Cassidy, Evhan, and Jesse
History • “Invented” around the 40s-70s by Edward E. Zajac, Frank W. Sinden, and others • Short titled “Hummingbird” (1967) by Charles Csuri and James Shaffer • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awvQp1TdBqc&safe=active&safety_mode=true • University of Utah developed a short titled: A Computer Animated Hand http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdedV81UQ5k’ • C.G Animation was also used in Star Wars (1977)
History Continued (2) • Other films include The Black Hole (1979), and Alien (1979) • In 1974, Alex Schureestablished a computer graphics laboratory at the New York Institute of Technology, which attracted George Lucas • In 1986, a few members of the group spun off into a smaller company called Pixar • Meanwhile the use of CG Animation was becoming popular in live action movies
History Continued (3) Tron (1982) utilized C.G Animation for it’s overall look http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3efV2wqEjEY Toy Story (1995),was the first fully computer generated animated film
Influence • CG animation development kicked off in the 80s! • Computers became more accessible/affordable • There was a much higher demand for CG animation in movies • Hardware/software developed at a rapid rate • ie. Autodesk was developed in 1982 • 1991 is considered a “breakout year for CG animation” as 2 major blockbuster films feature CG animation heavily. (Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Beauty and the Beast)
Influence (2) • Invention of CAPS (Computer Animation Production System) in late 80s through a collaboration between Disney and Pixar • Drawings and backgrounds are added into the computer for painting and other effects ie. The Little Mermaid (1989)
Steps to CG Animation • Basic Steps • Create a character’s simplified anatomy • Use avars(animation variables) to determine the segment of each skeletal piece • Different avarsare also used for the face/facial expressions • By changing the avars, the character changes from frame to frame • There are two diffierent ways to maniupulateavars • A) Keyframing (traditional) B) Motion Capture (live)
CG Animation Continued • Since CG Animation is 3D, it is done using an X, Y, and Z axis • Animators then use mathematical algorithms to add in the movement/manipulation of the character/object. • Popular Programs: • Maya • Houdini • Lightwave
Sources http://3d-animation-software-review.toptenreviews.com/ www.google.ca www.google.ca/images http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computer_animation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_animation#Methods_of_animating_virtual_characters http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/computer-animation2.htm