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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. A Physics Toolkit. 1.1- Mathematics and Physics. Targets: I can write the basic steps of the scientific methods and follow them to solve a problem and compile data appropriately. I can determine what SI unit to use in certain situations.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 A Physics Toolkit

  2. 1.1- Mathematics and Physics • Targets: • I can write the basic steps of the scientific methods and follow them to solve a problem and compile data appropriately. • I can determine what SI unit to use in certain situations. • I can convert units by using dimensional analysis.

  3. What do you think of when you hear the word physics? (Think-Pair-Share)

  4. What is Physics? • Branch of science that involves the study of the physical world: energy, matter, and how they are related. • Investigates motions of electrons and rockets, the energy in sound waves and electric circuits, the structure of the proton and of the universe

  5. Scientific Method • What are the steps?

  6. Scientific Method- an organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information • Scientific Theory- well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results • Scientific law- statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature.

  7. Mathematics in Physics • Isolating Variables is important • Example Problem: V=IxR V= Voltage (volts) I= Current (ampere) R= Resistance (ohms) What is the resistance of a light bulb that has a 0.75 ampere current when plugged into a 120 volt outlet?

  8. Check Your Work! • Check to make sure the units are correct • Check to make sure the answer makes sense • Hint: 1 volt= 1 ampere-ohm • Hint: 120 is divided by a number a little less than 1, so the answer should be a little more than 120.

  9. SI Units International System of Units Derived Units- any unit that is made from combining base units

  10. Kids Hate Doing Math During Class Minutes • Converting metric units is easier than in other systems of measurement

  11. Dimensional Analysis • Dimensional Analysis- method of treating units as algebraic quantities, which can be cancelled • Helps in choosing conversion factors • Example Problem: How many millimeters are in 25.2 meters? • Challenge Problem: How many seconds are in a leap year? • Hint: Always show your work so mistakes can be found.

  12. 1.2 Measurement • I can use significant digits correctly when measuring, adding/subtracting, and multiplying/dividing.

  13. Significant Figures • Always measure to the “guessed” place • Always round to least precise measurement when doing arithmetic • All zeros are not significant • Example: 0.00345 has 3 SF 0.45099 has 5 SF 0.95000 has 5 SF

  14. Precision and Accuracy • In Measurement: • Precision- • Accuracy-

  15. 2nd Hour

  16. 6th Hour

  17. 1.3- • Independent Variable • Dependent Variable • Example: Mass vs Spring Length

  18. Line of Best Fit

  19. Linear Relationships • y=mx+b • b= y intercept • m= slope= rise/run= ∆y/∆x

  20. Non-linear Relationships • Quadratic Relationship • y=ax2+bx+c • parabola • Inverse Relationship • y=a/x • hyperbola

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