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Religious Refuge in Utah

Religious Refuge in Utah. The Mormon Pioneers. Mormon Pioneers. Church was founded in 1830 by Joseph Smith in New York State Formed a community in New York, but unsympathetic neighbors disapproved of the Mormons’ religion Mormons were forced to move on

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Religious Refuge in Utah

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  1. Religious Refuge in Utah The Mormon Pioneers

  2. Mormon Pioneers • Church was founded in 1830 by Joseph Smith in New York State • Formed a community in New York, but unsympathetic neighbors disapproved of the Mormons’ religion • Mormons were forced to move on • New York to Ohio, then to Missouri, and then Illinois

  3. Persecution Once Again • 1844 a mob in Illinois killed Smith • Brigham Young took charge of the Mormons • Young decided to move the Mormons again • Pushed on near the Great Salt Lake in Utah • At this time, Utah was still part of Mexico • However, the Mormons didn’t face trouble because no Mexicans had settled the region • Harsh terrain

  4. A Haven in the Desert • 1846: Mormon Migration to the GSL began • 12,000 made up the trek • Largest single migration in American History • Set up communities in an area they called Deseret • Carefully planned towns • Built irrigation canals to water their farms • Founded industries • Sold supplies to the 49ers as they passed through to California “This is the Place”

  5. Statehood • 1848: U.S. acquires the Salt Lake area • 1850: Congress establishes the Utah Territory • 1896: After many attempts for statehood, Utah becomes the 45th state • Applied for statehood 5 times • Government was weary of the Mormons • U.S. and Mormons almost went to war in 1857 and 1858 • State of Deseret got smaller and smaller each time

  6. North’s Economy Chapter 13 Sections 1-2

  7. Technology and Industry • During the 1800s, advances in technology and transportation shaped the North’s economy • Before 1800: • Most people worked on farms • Most goods were made by hand, one at a time • Blacksmiths, tailors, shoemakers • Changes on how Americans worked, traveled, and communicated • Power-Driven Machinery • Industrialization • Technology

  8. North’s Ability to Industrialize • New Methods in Technology and Business • Increase production • Raise money to fund other things • Rich supply of natural resources • Three Factors of Production: • Land • Labor • Capital

  9. FACTORS OF PRODUCTION Land Labor • All the land • All the natural Resources located on the land • Number of workers • - Need workers to turn raw materials into goods

  10. Capital • Equipment that’s used in production of goods • Buildings • Machinery • Tools • Money for investments • Large amounts of money were needed to finance industrial growth

  11. Production of Goods

  12. Improved Transportation • Contributes to the success of America’s new industries • 1807: Robert Fulton’s Steamboat • Faster and more reliable than flatboats or sail-powered vessels • 1800-1850: Built thousands of miles of roads and canals • Open new shipping routes by connecting lakes and rivers • Growth of Cities • Connection of farms in the Midwest to cities in the Northeast • 1840-1850s: Growth of Railroads • Speed the flow of goods • 1869: Transcontinental Railroad is completed

  13. Faster Communication • Telegraph • Uses electric signals to transmit messages • Samuel Morse • Morse Code • May 24, 1844: First successful telegraph message • Series of dots and dashes representing letters of the alphabet

  14. North’s Agriculture • Railroad gave farmers access to new markets to sell their products • Advances in technology increased the size of harvest people could produce • 1800s: Farmers move to the Great Plains of Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota • Afraid to move farther west because of the matted sod and infertile soil

  15. ADVANCES TO AGRICULTURE • Inventions: • John Deere’s Steel-tipped plow in 1837 • Stronger to cut through hard packed sod • Cyprus McCormick’s Mechanical Reaper • Sped up the harvesting of wheat • Thresher • Separates the grain for the stalk • Slavery largely disappears in the North by 1830s • Still have prejudice, segregation, and discrimination • Couldn’t vote, attend public schools or facilities • Forced into separate schools and hospitals

  16. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

  17. Northern Factories • Although there were many advances in agriculture, the North was focused on INDUSTRY • 1820-1860: Growth of Mills and Factories • Before this time, small shops (Blacksmiths, Shoemakers, etc.) • Machines took over many production tasks • Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, Watches, Guns, Sewing Machines, Agricultural Machinery

  18. Factory System • Bad and Dangerous Working Conditions • Longer Hours Worked to Produce More Goods • 1840: Working days averaged 11.4 hours • Increase in On-The-Job Accidents • Loss of limbs, Death • Factory Owners Push for Profits • Don’t care about the security or safety of employees • Formation of Trade Unions • Strikes • Shorter Hours, More Pay, Better Working Conditions

  19. Immigration • 1840-1860: Dramatic Increase in immigration • Manufactures welcome immigrants • Desperate for work, even if it meant working long hours for little pay • Numbers: • 1820s: 10,000 • 1830s: 20,000 • 1840s: 80,000 • 1850s: 360,000 • 1860s: 155,000 • Percentages: • - 1820-1840: • Ireland 35% • Germany 22% • Great Britain 14% • All Others 29% • - 1841-1860: • Ireland 33% • Germany 32% • Great Britain 16% • All Others 13%

  20. Waves of Immigrants • 1846-1860: • More than 1.5 Million immigrants come from Ireland • Potato Famine killing more than 1 million (1840s) • Most were Farmers who didn’t have money to buy land • Took low-paying jobs in Northern factories • 1848-1860: • More than 1 Million come from Germany • Democratic Revolution (1848) • Most had money to settle and establish industry • Most went to the Midwest

  21. Impact of Immigration • Change the character of the country • Bring their own languages, customs, religions, culture • Before 1800s: Mainly Protestants from Great Britain or slaves • Through Immigration, more and more Roman Catholics from Germany and Ireland • 1830-1840s: Anti-Immigrant Feelings • Nativists were against immigration • Create the American Political Party • Known as the Know-Nothing Party • Stricter Laws for Citizenship • Extending time to gain citizenship from 5 to 21 years • Ban Foreign-Born Citizens from holding office • Anti-Catholic Societies • What are 3 reasons why people might be against immigration? • Prejudice, Discrimination

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