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New Right Populist Parties:

New Right Populist Parties:. New kids on the block. New Right Populist Parties. A family of parties which have cropped up on the right of the political spectrum Different from the old extreme right Not necessarily opposed to liberal democracy

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New Right Populist Parties:

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  1. New Right Populist Parties: New kids on the block

  2. New Right Populist Parties • A family of parties which have cropped up on the right of the political spectrum • Different from the old extreme right • Not necessarily opposed to liberal democracy • Anti-establishment, anti-EU, anti-immigrant – in many respects, anti- parties.

  3. The old right Divided between: • economically liberal & conservative parties & some Christian Democratic parties And • Extreme right • typically anti-democratic, racist • Examples: Fascist parties, monarchist parties in France…

  4. Extreme right: • Strong in pre-world war I and interwar periods • Miniscule strength in postwar period • Authoritarianism discredited • Parties marginalized, although some continue • Examples: • MSI, Italian Social Movement (Fascist) • NPD in Germany • FN (Front Nationale) in France

  5. Postwar manifestations • Poujadism (France, 1956) • Flash party; • Shopkeepers’ party • Protest party • Farmers Party (BP) Netherlands, 1960s • Progress Party (Denmark), • Mogens Glistrup, 1970s • Anders Lange Party (Norway)

  6. 1980s & beyond Resurgent support for older & newer parties: • Front Nationale • FN wins 10%-15% in presidential elections • 2002 Presidential election: Le Pen in runoff. • Freedom Party (FPÖ) in Austria – from nothing to ~25% of the popular vote • Lega Nord (Northern Leagues) in Italy • Danish People’s Party • List Pim Fortuyn (LPF) in the Netherlands • Freedom Party (PVV) in the Netherlands

  7. Common threads: • Anti-European Union • Anti-immigrant • Anti-establishment • Populist in style – leader-centred politics, emphasis on leader who can fix things

  8. Positions • Anti… • Often (but not always) prefer more market & less state intervention in economic life • But, prefer stronger state administration of justice: stricter law enforcement, harsher penalties.

  9. Attitudes toward liberal democracy • Few parties overtly anti-democratic • If they are, they are unwilling to say so • Examples: • FPÖ (Austria) • FN (France)

  10. Anti-establishment Opposition to established elites • Common theme: failure to listen to people like us • Finds expression in • Use of coarse language (Bossi, Lega Nord) • Demagoguery (Le Pen, FN) • I can fix that (Pim Fortuyn, LPF), although LPF not necessarily right

  11. Explaining the new right: • Reaction to cartelization and/or consensus democracy? • Mobilization of grievances? • Representation of issues or concerns not adequately articulated by other parties? • Pathology?

  12. Rise and Fall of the LPF • Consensus democracy: the purple coalition (PvdA + D66 + VVD) • Livable Netherlands (LN) • The rise of the List Pim Fortuyn (LPF) • Pim Fortuyn • Acerbic critic • Unlikely or likely populist? • After the assassination

  13. Successes and failures • Electoral breakthrough in several countries, but not always right away, and not necessarily sustained • Difficulty in sustaining participation in government • Haidar & FPÖ • List Pim Fortuyn • But, impact on other parties • Cf. VVD in Netherlands

  14. General Amnesty Blanket extension on papers Until Monday, December 3rd 5:00 p.m.

  15. Final exam: Saturday, December 8th 9:00-11:00 AA1043

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