Force Protection & Integrated Survivability - An Industrial Perspective Colin Robinson

1. Force Protection & Integrated Survivability - An Industrial Perspective Colin Robinson

2. Objectives • Force Protection is a means to an end • Provision of Force Protection increases the Probability of Survivability • The End (or Goal) is Mission Survivability …….. To preserve freedom of action and the operational effectiveness of the force…… Force Protection & Survivability Definitions • "“The military term given to a range of measures designed to preserve the combat power of our own forces” • “All measures and means to minimize the vulnerability of personnel, facilities, equipment and operations to any threat and in all situations, to preserve freedom of action and the operational effectiveness of the force” www.raf.mod.uk NATO Glossary of Terms & Definitions, AAP-6(2007), dated 16/4/7 FP is all about maintaining operational effectiveness ………

3. JDS, Vol 10, No 2 • Vulnerability of any force element is a function of the protective methods used and the time spent exposed to the threat • Protection requirements will vary according to needs • Base/facilities, platforms/equipment, personnel/individual • Must match demands of mission, threat and operating environment Integrated Survivability • Integrated (Mission) Survivability • “the ability to complete a mission successfully in the face of a (man-made) hostile environment” • Considered in context of the operational mission and its implicit threats • Essential to have a good understanding of the ORBAT of the adversary as a precursor to optimising survivability

4. Force Protection – Current UOR Focus • Current focus of Force Protection is driven by current conflicts: • Peace Enforcement / Peace Support • Afghanistan, Iraq • urban, complex terrain; asymmetric conflicts; terrorist tactics • Biggest threat is IED

5. Force Protection – Overall Scope • Current focus of Force Protection is driven by current conflicts: • Peace Enforcement / Peace Support • Afghanistan, Iraq • urban, complex terrain; asymmetric conflicts; terrorist tactics • Biggest threat is IED • BUT, Force Protection - by definition - encompasses: • many threats • many situations • many locations Much wider than IED threats. Open Combat & Warfighting still relevant

6. Integrated Survivability • Autonomous Survivability (e.g. platform - centred) • synergistic use of balanced, cost-effective protection technologies • e.g. for platforms - signature control, DAS, armour • Mission Level Survivability (system - centred) • autonomous platform survivability • collective survivability ensuring mission • shared situational awareness, NEC, TTPs • grouping sensors with a variety of weapons and decision makers • Survivability traditionally adds weight or displaces capability • novel technologies and techniques looking to break this link • NEC brings opportunities to achieve improved system - level protection • System Engineering is the cornerstone of Integrated Survivability • much more than just the physical integrationof protectiontechnologies • Mission level modularity – one size does not fit all ! • All DLoD must be considered to achieve optimum solution Future Protection must strike the right balance between platform- and system- centred models

7. Thales Recommended Approach • Sound Systems Engineering, Architecture and Integration philosophy should be core to solving the problem and developing optimised solutions • A systems level approach is required to embody urgent new (UOR) capabilities in a coherent and standardised way. • High risk of incompatibility and conflicts between subsystems (eg Comms and ESM) if ‘stove pipe measures’ are continually retrofitted (eg. ECM) • Thaleshas developed survivability optimisation and cost effectiveness models and toolsets • State of the Art Physics models, • Synthetic Environment models, • Modelling & Simulation, • Operational Analysis toolsets, • Computer Aided Design tools, • WLC models, • Multi-dimensional decision support tools • Industry can help the Customer to understand the Cost/Benefit tradespace Systems approach key to developing a layered protection system. Thales has experience and knowledge across all layers

8. Examples of Industry Support to Force Protection • Example 1 – C4ISTAR Pre-Deployment Training & Mission Rehearsal

9. Evolving Threats in Complex Terrain, coupled with Network Enabled Capability (NEC) requirements, demands new approaches to joint and coalition operations and the execution of synchronised missions C4ISTAR Capability Development Recovery & Lessons Learnt Operational Deployment Readiness Test Training & Mission Rehearsal Warfare Analyses Operational Planning System Test & Evaluation C4ISTAR * is a major force multiplier but requires the latest technology and training to deliver optimum results Capability Acquisition Capability Requirements System Specifications Operations C4ISTAR Capability Development ensures: Right Concepts of Use • (CONOPS, TTPs) Right Kit Right Readiness Fewer Surprises Other Organisations Operational Environment Pre-Deployment Evaluate, Train & Test Infrastructure Tactics Force Assembly Training Personnel Logistics Equipment ORBAT Information • *Command, Control, Communication, Computation, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance

10. Thales has provided geographic-specific PDT & MR Services for UK Forces deploying on operations 3 (UK) Division 12 Mechanised Brigade HQ FLEET 3 Commando Brigade Future deployments Real Systems, Personnel & Missions The Thales Service has assisted UK Forces to evaluate specific C4ISTAR Systems: Mini/Tactical/Operational UAVs EO/IR, SAR & GMTI* Electronic Warfare Systems Vehicle & Hand-held sensors Command & Control Systems SATCOM & Datalink Emulation Pre-Deployment Training and Mission Rehearsal

11. Examples of Industry Support to Force Protection • Example2 – In-Theatre UAV Service Provision

12. Thales is the Prime Contractor for Watchkeeper – Europe’s largest Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) programme When deployed in 2010, Watchkeeper will provide UK Forces with accurate, timely, Image Intelligence - 24 hrs a day Operating in all environments, all types of conflict from peacekeeping to all arms warfare UK Watchkeeper Programme • Integrated with other surveillance, intelligence, communications and effects systems • Interoperable with coalition forces • Rapidly deployable • Sophisticated all-weather sensors for detection, tracking and identification

13. Rapid Provision of Capability • Availability-based Service Provision Contract to support current UK Operations • Rapid deployment of UAV-based ISTAR capability • Six months from contract to first deployment in theatre • “Power by the hour” • Flexible project duration to match operational requirements • Tailored service provision: • Equipment supplied and supported in theatre by contractor • Flexible training • Operational manpower supplied by the Customer • Level of Service • Guaranteed availability • Hours per day/days per week

14. Challenges for Industry