1 / 17

RNA Ribonucleic Acid

RNA Ribonucleic Acid. &. Protein Synthesis. 8.4, 8.5, 8.7. Central dogma Transcription Translation Codon Anticodon. Start codon Stop codon Mutation Point mutation Frameshift mutation mutagens. Protein Synthesis Terms define these 11 terms for homework.

zamir
Download Presentation

RNA Ribonucleic Acid

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. RNARibonucleic Acid & Protein Synthesis 8.4, 8.5, 8.7

  2. Central dogma Transcription Translation Codon Anticodon Start codon Stop codon Mutation Point mutation Frameshift mutation mutagens Protein Synthesis Termsdefine these 11 terms for homework

  3. The Central Dogma of Molecular BiologyFrancis Crick Information flows in one direction DNARNAProteins Replication Transcription Translation

  4. Structure of RNA3 main differences between RNA and DNA • 1. Sugar in RNA isribose • 2. RNA is single stranded • 3. RNA contains uracil in place of thymine

  5. Three Types of RNA • Messenger RNAmRNA- carries message from DNA to ribosome • Ribosomal RNArRNA- forms part of a ribosome reads message and assembles protein at ribosome • Transfer RNAtRNA- brings amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosome to help make protein

  6. The Process of Protein Synthesis Staring m RNA r RNA t RNA Act 1: Transcription Act 2: Translation

  7. Transcriptionprocess where a complementary strand of m RNA is formed from DNA Scene: The nucleus

  8. Transcription • 1. Enzyme (RNA Polymerase) separates DNA strand • 2. One strand of DNA used as template to assemble strand of m RNA.

  9. TranslationInformation from DNA is translated into a protein Takes place at the ribosome In the Cytoplasm

  10. Translation- Translating language of nucleic acids (base sequences) into language of proteins (amino acids) • 1. Gene on DNA carries code to make protein • a. Code written in language with only 4 “letters”, the nitrogen bases A,C,G,U • b. Code read 3 letters at a time, each 3 letter “word” known as a codon

  11. Process uses all 3 types of RNA • a. mRNA from nucleus travels to ribosome • b. rRNA at ribosome reads genetic code from mRNA , calls for appropriate tRNA

  12. The Genetic Code consists of 20 amino acids

  13. c. Each tRNA has an anticodon whose bases are complementary to codon on mRNA. tRNA brings amino acids to ribosomes anticodon codon

  14. d. Ribosome moves along mRNA, binding new tRNA molecules and amino acids

  15. Mutations • Change in the DNA • May or may not be expressed • Can be beneficial or lethal • Can be spontaneous or caused by exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals (mutagens)

  16. Point mutation one nucleotide is substituted for another

  17. Frameshift MutationChanges the way the DNA is read THE CAT ATE THE RAT Remove the E THC ATA TET HER AT • The insertion or deletion of a nucleotide

More Related