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Thales, Anaximander & Heraclides

Thales, Anaximander & Heraclides. Thales and Anaximander Heraclides. Anaximander’s Reasoning (speculation).

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Thales, Anaximander & Heraclides

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  1. Thales, Anaximander & Heraclides Thales and Anaximander Heraclides

  2. Anaximander’s Reasoning(speculation) • “But Anaximander had postulated a comprehensive balance between opposed substances … and might well have reasoned in some such way as this: ‘Thales said that all thing originated from water; but water (which we see in the form of rain, sea and rivers) is opposed to fire (the sun, the fiery aether, volcanoes, etc.) and these things are mutually destructive. How then can fire have become such a prominent part of our world, if it were from the beginning constantly opposed by the whole indefinitely-extended mass of is very opposite? How, indeed, can it have appeared at all, for a single moment? The warring constituents of our world, then, must have developed from a substance different from any of them – something indefinite or indeterminable.’” – The Presocratic Philosophers pp 114.

  3. The infamous ‘flux’ ‘quote’ • Plato, Cratylus 402A • “Heraclitus somewhere says that tall things are in process and nothing stays still, and likening existing things to the stream of a river he says that you would not step twice into the same river.” • Aristotle, Physics 3, 253b9 • “And some say not that some existing things are moving, and not others, but that all things are in motion all the time, but that this escapes our perception.”

  4. Heraclides 199-202Unity of the Opposites • 199: “Sea is the most pure and the most polluted water; for fishes it is drinkable and salutary, but for men it is undrinkable and deleterious.” • opposite effects • 200: “The path up and down is one and the same.” • opposite descriptions • 201: “Disease makes health pleasant and good, hunger satiety, weariness rest.” • perception of each grounded in opposite • 202: “And as the same thing there exists in us living and dead and the waking and the sleeping and young and old; for these things having changed round are those, and those having changed round are these.” • continuum of existence

  5. Democritus Abdera doesn’t look like it’s in Macedon

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