Current layout of beams from PD

1. SY-120 Fixed-Target 8 GeV Linac 8 GeV neutrino ~ 700m Active Length Main Injector @2 MW Current layout of beams from PD Neutrino “Super- Beams” NUMI Homestake Henderson Off- Axis Electrons for ILC Damping Ring Demo Anti- Proton BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

2. Current Status of PD H- Transport and Injection • The basis of the current transport line and injection scheme started with the design concepts and transport/ collimation/ injection issues discussed in the 2004 H- Beam Transport Workshop at FNAL ! • Control of stripping losses in transport line (coll. , bb, lorentz) • Uncontrolled losses during injection • Foil issues (material, thickness, support, efficiency, etc) • Started addressing some of the Recommendations of the PD Directors Review last April • Re-examine the injection region layout, incorporating information on existing magnet dimensions, both interior and exterior, and verify a feasible design. • Evaluate collimation inefficiency and estimate the fractional “foil misses” that result. • Design the injection region and injection dump transport line to accommodate beam particles that miss the foil • Do a preliminary design and cost estimate for a beam tube liner • Conduct a one-day mini-review of the transfer line and MI injection. • Revisit the injection dump power handling capability… • Further optimize Linac pulse length (cost and performance) BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

3. Current Status of PD H- Transport • Transport line • Focus on creating a sound optical design that minimizes civil construction conflicts – very close to end foot-print • Basic layout remains a 60 degree FODO lattice with two bend sections and matching section to the Linac and Ring. • Arcs are now achromatic: Field in arc dipoles 550G -> (fractional loss/m ~7.5E-9 -> at 1.54E14/1.5s -> 7.5E5 /m/s • Each Arc contains 30 dipoles • Re-use old MR B2 dipoles (2”x4”aperture) • 57 run DC on a single bus (air cooled) • first first three ramp to select beam MI/dump • Entire line contains 51 quads (new 1.3 m , 3” (?) pole tip) • 18 on QF and 19 on QD buss at +/- 10.0 kG/m (260G @1”) • 3 + last linac quad individual supplies @ max gradient 13 kG/m (current linac quad at ~31 kG/m • 11 individual quads to match from arc and 6 (8) to match into MI ( RR) • At bmax=75m 3s ~4.2 mm max Dispersion 6m -> 6 mm offset for dp/p of .001 BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

4. Current Status of PD H- Transport • Transport line (continued) • The basic betatron and momentum collimation scheme has been retained (~similar to SNS) • 3 foil/ in-line absorber combinations in each plane for betatron collimation • Configuration: Foil in front of quad strips halo– absorber next half cell intercepts halo • b(foil) 75m b(absorber)30m • ~5 mm separation at absorber (need additional tracking verification) • Provision for two momentum collimation stations • b(foil) 75m b(absorber)50m • ~3-4mm separation at absorber (need additional tracking verification) • Current thought to use only 1 momentum collimation station • Need simulation which includes stripping and tracking both species of particles BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

5. MI match match momentum momentum b’tron 8 Gev H- Transport to Main Injector De-buncher BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

6. Dump 5 Dump 1 Dump 6 Dump2 Dump 3 Dump 7 Dump 8 Dump 4 Beam Collimation Results generated by A.Drozhdin for previous beam line version Dec 10 2004. Left side figures: 3-sigma core of the beam (green) and beam without collimation (red). Right side figures: beam population after collimation at every 60 degree (red) and intercepted halo at the beam dumps (green). BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

7. MI H- Injection • Main Injector lattice for H- injection was re-designed • Converted FODO lattice (15 m space between quads) to symmetric straight with a 32 m space between doublets to be used for injection • Requires six new power supplies for local matching and adding trim coil circuits to IQC and IQD quads globally • Removed quad from injection straight (increase aperture, decouple inj. from tune quad bus) • Utilize wide aperture DC dipole for merging H- with protons (part of the chicane) • Utilize strong 1.2T short dipole after foil to strip excited states of H0 up to n=-2 and strip any H- miss • Place foil in rising field gradient of third magnet • Last chicane magnet place the injected protons on closed orbit and (with secondary foil) send H0->H+ to injection dump • Use horizontal painting (in MI) and vertical injection angle to produce “uncorrelated” beam distribution (A. Drozhdin) • Injection straight solid design – intend further optimization BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

8. 1.2T 558G Current MI10 foil H- H+ inj absorber H0 ,H- start end closed orbit (DC bumps) Painting trims MI10 for PD H- injection 32 m MI-10 Configuration for 8 Gev H- Injection Foil in front on 1.2T field • Generated toy MI lattice (without sextupoles or errors) to match existing MI lattice • Beta functions tunable in range of 20-60 m (both planes) used existingMI quads • Transfer PD optics to real MI lattice H- BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

9. 30.3 mm 16.7 mm 12.8 mm 3.03 mm DC Bump 110 mm 13.6 mm End Paint 146.4 mm Start Paint 160 mm 160 mm 110 mm MI CL 0 mm Painting scheme bx = 40m ax = 0 by = 20m ay = 0 36.4 mm Position of beam at start of painting (green), end of painting (red), and circulating beam (magenta). The optimum waveform: JHF Accelerator design study report. KEK Implemented by A. Drozhdin BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

10. First Results for 270 turn Injection • Program STRUCT results (A. Drozhdin, et. al) • First result (preliminary) for 270 inj. tracking with new insert • Turn 10-100-270-277 • Left x-x’ / Right y-y’ • X 10mm/div • Y 5 mm/div • 270,000 particles • Track 27,000 particles • Lost 56 particles (7E-6 watts) -> 26kW in 3km • Foil hits/particle ~25 • Need to double check parameters • Clearly Needs Optimization BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

11. Lifetime of Stark states of H0 Field seen by H0* H- missed foil • Data for lifetime of Stark states of 8 Gev H0 as a function of magnetic field corresponding to its rest frame electric field see by the atom. • Calculations were done by W.Chou, Alexandr Drozhdin and presented at the 2004 Workshop • Path length for 1E-11 sec is approx 3 mm in lab frame • For 2” fringe field -> 23.6T/m gradient -> Dq ~7mr BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

12. Lorentz Stripping • Using expression from L.Scherk for rest frame lifetime of H- in applied magnetic field. • Calculate lab frame lifetime (bgt) and stripping length (bgct) at fields in Chicane • Fields encountered after foil the stripping length is on the order of mm or less and the lifetime (lab frame) on the order of E-11. • Calculations Extrapolated from data 200 and 800 Mev .44 s BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

13. Outstanding Issues • Linac dump transport line (straight forward …) • Must not preclude accumulator for muon production • Beam absorbers used for injection, betatron coll., momentum coll., linac dump, and MI need to be designed. -> design started AD Phys • Longitudinal Dynamics • Energy/phase jitter, excitation errors – specs & simulation • Injection modeling with 325 Mhz micro bunch struct, impedances, instabilities, longitudinal painting (initial model done P. Yoon) • Energy spreader, de-buncher (requirements / location / design) • Optimization of Injection layout • Understand foil heating issues • Foil design, support, material, thickness • For multiple foils, optimize foil separation and thickness • Minimization of foil hits by circulating protons • Utilize ORBIT/STRUCT/other to investigate optimizing of beam size on target and painting schemes • Magnetic Design of transport and injection components (TD/AD) • Transport dipoles (existing), trim (MI design), Transport quads –preliminary design (Harding) • Separation dipoles for dump line (new design – preliminary (Harding) ) • Chicane dipoles (new design) • Injection kicker magnets BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

14. Outstanding Issues II • End to End simulation • ASTRA/TRACK->ORBIT/STRUCT OTHER(?) • Multi-species tracking • Design parameters and with all errors • Instrumentation Design • BPM, BLM, BCM (FNAL AD instrumentation) • Profile monitors (8 Gev) (laser wire/ multiwire, other?) • Magnetic Field stripping at 8 GeV • measured up to 800 MeV extrapolated to 8 Gev • Foil stripping efficiency • measured at 200 and 800 Mev scaled to 400 Mev and 8 Gev • 600 mg/cm2 H0 projected yield at 0.5% • Foil Heating • Foil Lifetime BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219

15. Potential Areas of BNL Participation in PD R&D • Talking Points of initial FNAL/BNL meeting: • Provide an independent review of current conceptual transport and injection design • Collaborate in the Optimization of the Injection Layout including, but not limited to • Understand foil heating issues • Foil design, support, material, thickness • For multiple foils, optimize foil separation and thickness • Investigate and develop a plan for the utilization of AGS for H- stripping issues • Design and fabricate laser profile monitor for use with H- at energies below about 100 MeV. • Other … BNL&FNAL PD Collaboration kickoff meeting Beams-doc 2219