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Introduction To Scripture

Introduction To Scripture. Biblical Vocabulary By: Andy Bergkamp. Vine Culture .

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Introduction To Scripture

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  1. Introduction To Scripture Biblical Vocabulary By: Andy Bergkamp

  2. Vine Culture • Palestine was always famous for its vines; growing grapes was a regular occupation of the Israelites after the settlement in Canaan. The growing of grapes is a delicate process. To begin with, it is required of the laborer to skillfully prune the vines and care for the crop. The fruit is also dependent on receiving the proper weather. God must send adequate rain and temperatures must not be to hot or to cold during the growing season. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=grape+vine+in+the+bible&start=379&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=osNrn0OirkUluM:&imgrefurl=http://meyouarekiddingright.blogspot.com/2009_05_01_archive.html&docid=gfSNwUSFv7T2BM&imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_EQ5NSnnJZCw/SgccrX6Zu7I/AAAAAAAAAIU/93huLpiQT0k/s320/1460545-I-Heard-Nothing-on-this-Grape-Vine-Nr-Tanunda-Barossa-Valley-SA-1.jpg&w=320&h=240&ei=OmSmUP--OamrygHYwoGwBg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=164&sig=109006662353940136531&page=10&tbnh=141&tbnw=193&ndsp=43&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:400,i:19&tx=55&ty=53

  3. Vine Culture Cont. • Thus, there is much potential in the crop, but it can produce nothing if the circumstances are not ideal. If grapes are not produced, the vine is worthless and brings about sadness to both man and God. However, if the potential is reached, much joy is produced. http://capitalvision.org/category/bible/study/

  4. Vine Culture Cont. • The vine was frequently regarded as a symbol of the Jewish or Christian Church. God tends to His Church as He tends to the vine, which we are a part of. We, as the produce, can be either lush or barren. When we act against God, refusing His love, the vine becomes worthless and causes grief. Just like a worthless vine is thrown into the fire, guilty men will be punished. However, we can produce an abundant fruit by being faithful, laboring steadfastly, and acting on the gift of His grace. When we are in union with Christ we receive life from the vine-stock, which without, we decay and die like branches cut from the stalk. By participating and remaining in union with the Son, we are capable of sharing in the fruit produced, which gives glory to God the Father, made possible only through Christ the Son as the vine-stalk.

  5. Priesthood • TheHebrew priest was a mediator between his people and God by representing them in worship and sacrifice ceremonies. He exercised his office at the alter by offering sacrifices and incenses, taught the law, communicated to the people the divine will, and blessed them. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=priesthood+in+old+testament&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=T-6svMS4DF4qtM:&imgrefurl=http://www.thesacredpage.com/2008_06_01_archive.html&docid=Ka0d5kzy86KKGM&imgurl=http://bp1.blogger.com/_NLydHsxn-mw/SGlEES7RUHI/AAAAAAAAAkI/sCKQwQ_GLS8/s400/high%252Bpriest%252Bbefore%252Bark.jpg&w=400&h=279&ei=1mSmUO6lEZKPyAGN_4HgBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=436&vpy=212&dur=31&hovh=187&hovw=269&tx=158&ty=82&sig=109006662353940136531&page=1&tbnh=138&tbnw=212&start=0&ndsp=42&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:81

  6. Priesthood Cont. • The priest was chosen by God, thus belonged to God and was holy to him. Consecration to the priestly office consisted of two parts: ceremonial and sacrificial. The ceremonial part began with the washing of the priest at the door of the tabernacle, was then clothed with priestly garments, and then anointed with holy oil. The sacrificial part began with a bullock being sacrificed as a sin offering (which put away their sin), a ram was sacrificed as a burnt offering (this symbolized the surrender of oneself to God), and lastly, a ram was sacrificed as a peace offering. Obedience to the divine voice and activity in divine service were symbolized by putting blood from the ram on their right ear, thumb, and toe. Their hands were filled with fat, kidneys, and right shoulder of the ram along with part of the meal offering, all of which signified future offerings that would be made for the people.

  7. Sadducees • They were a party or sect among the Jews whose name was derived from Zadok, the high priest in Solomon’s time. They consisted of old-high priestly families who came to the front during the Maccabean War. They formed a Jewish aristocracy and though they were small in numbers were very powerful. The Sadducees held firm to the letter of Mosaic revelation and denied ancient tradition. They taught complete freedom of the will in moral action and opposed the Pharisees in their belief of angels and spirits. They also refused the doctrine of immorality as part of Jewish faith.

  8. Sadducees Cont. • Due to the Sadducees the Greek culture spread throughout Israel. They opposed our Lord due to His cleansing of the temple, which they thought infringed upon their rights. They were also in opposition to the apostles because they preached the Resurrection. Even with their opposition to the Pharisees, they united in their disapproval of Jesus. Over all the Sadducees were disliked due their arrogance, stuck-up attitudes, and judgmental behavior. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=sadducees&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=7gu4uiBtZmcRuM:&imgrefurl=http://catholicdefense.blogspot.com/2011/07/what-bible-did-sadducees-use.html&docid=aN5XAsOIEHftIM&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kTlVltagYXk/TNcN63q7fXI/AAAAAAAAGFc/FJzB1h4oqY4/s1600/Jesus%252Bchallenged%252Bby%252Bthe%252BSadducees.jpg&w=400&h=662&ei=RWWmUNjcAYmrygHttoDoDA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=453&sig=109006662353940136531&page=1&tbnh=146&tbnw=96&start=0&ndsp=36&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:96&tx=54&ty=30

  9. Sanhedrin • The Sanhedrin was the Jewish Senate and the highest native court in both civil and ecclesiastical matters. Jewish tradition points to the 70 elders appointed to assist Moses as the origin of the Sanhedrin. Under a high priest, the Sanhedrin regulated whole internal affairs of the Jewish nation. It consisted of 71 members consisting of chief priests, scribes, and elders, and had an aristocratic character about it. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=sanhedrin&num=10&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=QHUQZaI-NHTHWM:&imgrefurl=http://www.churchofchrist-cg-az.com/Islam-Paulus-Boulos.html&docid=zKYrXwig4kEMGM&imgurl=http://www.churchofchrist-cg-az.com/images/sanhedrin.jpg&w=459&h=600&ei=zGWmUKqnBeq-yQHkp4CoDw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=431&sig=109006662353940136531&sqi=2&page=1&tbnh=135&tbnw=97&start=0&ndsp=34&ved=1t:429,r:13,s:0,i:136&tx=64&ty=67

  10. Sanhedrin Cont. • This court was made up of both Pharisees and Sadducees. It had extensive power, which was partly due to the rather large amount of self-governance given to it by the Greek and Roman masters. The supreme court of justices used officers to arrest people accused of crimes and then to carry out sentences and decrees. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Sanhedrin&num=10&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=907&tbm=isch&tbnid=XQyiUAh7CX__WM:&imgrefurl=http://billpetro.com/history-of-the-players&docid=M223qArm6bxmnM&imgurl=http://www.billpetro.com/wp-content/uploads/sanhedrin-739700.bmp&w=275&h=199&ei=5K6nUP-rJ6WgyAHg_oA4&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=509&vpy=226&dur=56&hovh=159&hovw=220&tx=109&ty=93&sig=115670550926001648911&page=1&tbnh=146&tbnw=193&start=0&ndsp=34&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:84

  11. Sanhedrin Cont. • However, about 40 years before the destruction of Jerusalem the Sanhedrin lost their authority over life and death matters, this helps explain why they couldn’t condemn Jesus to death themselves. When convicting a person of a crime though, they did require a two-thirds majority vote and a simple majority for acquittal. At this time Roman authorities could remove a prisoner from their jurisdiction. While at the time of our Lord, their jurisdiction was limited to the area of Judea proper. Thus, in Galilee, Christ was beyond its power, but their decisions were regarded as morally obligatory all over the Jewish world so His location was of little importance in this

  12. Philistines • A group of people who migrated to Canaan around the 12th century B.C. The Philistines began to follow the local Canaanite deities at this point. They were enemies of the Israelites and were extremely powerful up to 10000 B.C. They owed their military power to the hold they had on the iron making ability. In scripture we read about the continued struggle between the Philistines and the Israelites, this was a test and a chastisement placed on them by God for their infidelity to the covenant. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Philistines&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=BMMlzdsAKUXSSM:&imgrefurl=http://blog.primasonics.com/2008/10/modern-day-david-goliath-with-acoustic.html&docid=qsIAV4CQB7ssvM&imgurl=http://www.primasonics.com/blog/uploaded_images/David--Goliath-742749.jpg&w=293&h=350&ei=amamULCJMan4yAGUz4CYAw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=533&sig=109006662353940136531&page=1&tbnh=144&tbnw=120&start=0&ndsp=38&ved=1t:429,r:29,s:0,i:226&tx=65&ty=79

  13. Philistines Cont. • During one of the many intense battles between the two, the defeat at Ebenezer, the Ark of the Covenant was captured. King Saul spent a great deal of his reign waging war with the Philistines. David also spent time fighting the Philistines, his victory over them and Goliath made Saul jealous and it was due to this that he had to flee. In the end, David had much more success over the Philistines than Saul did. Because of David we see a shift in power from the Philistines to the Israelites as the dominant force in Canaan. By the ninth century B.C. the Philistines had been reduced to a vassal status under the Assyrian ruler Adad-nirari III. In the sixth century the Philistines are now no longer a nation due to their deportation by the Babylonians.

  14. Persians • In the sixth century B.C. the Persians conquered the Neo-Babylonian kingdom and remained in power until the fourth century B.C. at which time Alexander the Great came to power. Theirs was the largest empire to cover the Near East. Leading up to their dominance over the Babylonian empire, they migrated to Parsua and over time grew to dominant force with humble beginnings. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Cyrus+and+the+Persian+Army&start=480&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=921&tbm=isch&tbnid=Bospvkae-RSRvM:&imgrefurl=http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php%3Ft%3D301009%26page%3D8&docid=VfSN8Exx3btIzM&imgurl=http://www.twcenter.net/forums/attachment.php%253Fattachmentid%253D60123%2526stc%253D1%2526d%253D1256233286&w=848&h=602&ei=5GmmULGWAa6FyQGTqIBY&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=103&vpy=619&dur=35&hovh=189&hovw=267&tx=95&ty=105&sig=109006662353940136531&page=13&tbnh=158&tbnw=211&ndsp=41&ved=1t:429,r:88,s:400,i:268

  15. Sources • Leon-Dufour, Xavier. “Dictionary of Biblical Theology.” Ed. Xavier Leon-Dufour, 459-630. New York, NY: Seabury Press, 1967. • Hahn, Scott. “Catholic Bible Dictionary.” ed. Scott Hahn, 696-814. New York: Doubleday Religion, 2009.

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